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Skeletal Maria Estrada Per.2 (Anatomy of the long bone (Ulna, Metacarpal,…
Skeletal Maria Estrada Per.2
Types of bones
Short bone – has a squat, cubed shape.
Flat bone – has a flattened, broad surface.
Long bone – has a long, thin shape.
Irregular bone – has a shape that does not conform to the above three types.
Anatomy of the long bone
Ulna
Metacarpal
Radius
Phalanges
Humerus
Tibia
Metatarsal
Femur
Fibula
Microscopic anatomy of compact bone tissue
Compact bone is called an osteon, or Haversian system.
Names of all the bones
Skull – including the jaw bone
Spine – cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and tailbone
Chest – ribs and breastbone
Hands – wrist bones, metacarpals and phalanges
Arms – shoulder blade, collar bone, humerus, radius and ulna
Legs – thigh bone, kneecap, shin bone and fibula
Pelvis – hip bones
Feet – tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
Bone remodeling
Refers as a renewal process where small old bones disposed throughout the skeleton and separate from others, are replaced by new bone throughout adult life.
Bone fracture repair
3.Cartilage callus formation
4.Lamellar bone deposition
2.Granulation tissue formation
5.Remodeling to original bone contour
1.Inflammation
Joints
Hinge joint -- Are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend.
Pivot joint
Saddle joint -- Provide stability to the bones while providing more flexibility than a hinge or gliding joint.
Ball-and-Socket joint
Plane joint -- Which, under physiological conditions, allows only gliding movement.
Ellipsoid joint
Differences between male and female pelvis
Male pelvis -- which is taller, narrower, and more compact.
Female pelvis -- is larger and broader
Movements allowed by synovial joints
Axes and planes: flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, circumduction and rotation.
Disorders
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Fracture
Rickets
Osteosarcoma
Osteomyelitis
Bone disease
Hip dysplasia