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Chapter 8: Interest Groups (How? (Lobbying: A strategy by a group to…
Chapter 8: Interest Groups
Why join?
Informational
Material
Solidary
Purposive
Informational benefits
Most widespread and most important
Solidary benefits
provides the satisfaction of working towards a common goal with like minded people
EX: The AARP and Group Membership
provided robust selective benefits
Began as a health insurance provider, not a lobby
As AARP grew, they increased the selective benefits they provided members
$16 annual membership fee
Material benefits
includes anything that can be measured monetarily
They have increased, why?
Response to government action
EX: 1970s Regulation
IG A: Limit government regulation in oil and gas industry
IG B: Government needs to rotect environment
IG C: low gas prices
New politics movement
upper middle class professionals and intellectuals
civil rights and anti- vietnam
foundered/bolstered groups:
How?
Lobbying
: A strategy by a group to influence the policy process through the persuasion . of public officials
Encompasses a wide range of methods: - information to legislators on key legislation
testimony before congressional committees
face-to-face contact with legislators or top staff
talk to reporters, organize email campaigns
Protected by the 1st Amendment
"Microsofted": originated because they were facing serious issues with government
Page. 261
Accessing key
Cultivating Access
Iron Triangles
: cooperative relationship between congressional committees, administrative agencies, and interest groups.
Iron Triangle in Denfense Sector: Congress, exectuiive agencies
Using the Courts
Bringing suit directly on behalf od the group
Financing suits brought by indivudals
3.
Going Public
Institutional Advertising: using ads to try to create a positive image
2.Protests and demonstrations
Grassroots Mobilization: lobbying campaign where IG mobilize members to contact members of Congress to support their groups position
Electoral Politics
Political action committees
Super PACS pg. 267
Slate website
Initiatives: State Level Lobbying Efforts
Ballot initiatives: They allow proposed laws to be places to the genera;-election ballot and submitted directly to voters
Interest groups sponsor ballot initiatives to circumvent legislative opposition