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ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES (Types of cities (Ancient cities shared 3…
ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES
Pre-conditions to urban formations
a civilisation
ecological setting
- food, trasport, minerals
technology -
store food, transport people
social organisation + power -
food, physical
What caused diffusion?
Bronze to iron (1200BC)
Transportation
Military conquests
Types of cities
Ancient cities shared 3 key aspects:
They
depended
for their existence on the
extraction of goods
from the hinterland
They were
focused around an elite group
, usually but not always religious
They were centres of cultural orthodoxy
Early-city states:
hinterland temple road
Modern-day city
city-state= independent entity, not administered as part of another local government - territory consists of city + surrounding terriroty
Imperial cities:
The size of ancient cities was hindered by the amount of surplus that could be extracted
Why cities bigger?
Gained more hinterland
Agricultural technology improved
Methods of transportation
Industrial cities
Economy based on the production
and exchange of urban products
changes in power supply
Technical improvements in machinery
New trading cities
AD 1000: De urbanisation in Western Europe (no central authority)
A new city emerged whose the territory was not the base of their
economy
Commercial capitalism [merchants]:
entailed the buying and selling of
goods for profit
Industrial capitalism [artisans]:
creation of profit through the manufacture
of finished goods