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The skeletal System Ashley Haro Period 4 (Types of bones w/ex. (Long…
The skeletal System Ashley Haro
Period 4
Names of Bones and Definition
Skull: contains maxilla, mandible. The parietal, frontal and occipital bones assist in protecting our brains from any trauma.
Scapula: Helps support the shoulder, helps to form the shoulder socket and aid rotational arm movement.
Spine: cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and coccyx
Ribs: protect bones and made up of true ribs (1-7), false ribs(8-10) and floating ribs(11-12)
Patella: known as knee cap, articulates around the femur, protects the knee joint.
Humerus:
Femur:
cervical vertebrae:
2 more items...
long bone in lower leg
long bone in upper arm.
Types of bones w/ex.
Long bones: a long, thin shape. Ex: the bones of the arms and legs. With the help of muscles, long bones work as levers to permit movement.
Short Bones: cubed shape. Ex: the bones that make up the wrists and the ankles.
Flat bones: flattened, broad surface. Ex: ribs, shoulder blades, breast bone and skull bones.
Irregular bones: Unique shape, Ex: the bones of the vertebrae
Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone Tissue
Anatomy of a Long Bone
Bone Remodeling
Final phase in fracture healing. the compact bone replaces the spongy bone which completes the healing process. sometimes the bone remains a little swollen but it resolves on its own.
mature tissue is removed and replaced with new bone tissue, the process controls the reshaping of the bone.
Bone fracture repair
Although some bones can heal on their own, others need assistance. A bone fracture repair is a surgical repair to fix a broken bone using metal screws, rods, plates or pins in order to hold the bone in its place.
bones go through 3 stages of healing: 1. inflammatory phase which happens 48 hrs after the accident. 2. the repairing phase which begins the first days of the fracture and lasts for 2-3 weeks and lastly 3.bone remodeling.
Joints w/ex
The pivot joint( rotary joint), allows for rotational movement. Ex: pivot joint in neck
hinge joints: ex:found between your upper and lower arm bones, elbow, as well as your ankles, fingers, toes, and knees. Allow for a swinging motion.
Saddle joints: provide more range of motion, ex: thumbs can move using a hinge-like motion but can also rock side to side because of a saddle joint.
gliding joints: most difficult joint type to visualize, small bones of your wrists and ankles. ex:the flexibility of your wrist.
condyloid joints: oval-shaped end of one bone fitting into a similarly oval-shaped hollow of another bone, ex: the carpal connecting to the tibia and fibula.
Ball-and-socket joints: rounded, ball-like end of one bone fitting into a cuplike socket of another bone ex: humerus to scapula and long bone connecting to the coxal bone.
Difference between Male and Female pelvis
A female pelvis is larger and broader which results in the female inlet being large and oval in shape. A Male's pelvis is narrower, and more compact. The distance between the ischium bones is small and the male inlet is more heart shaped.
Movements allowed by the Synovial Joints
Disorders
Osteogenisis imperfecta: bones fracture very easily
rickets: infancy disorder, softens bones which causes an abnormal growth due to lack of vitamin D.
osteosarcoma: bone cancer
Paget disease : chronic disease of middle age due to excessive break down of tissue.
Osteomalacia: bone softens due to low mineralization.
