Skeletal System
Skeleton
has 206 bones
consists of bones, joints, ligaments,and cartilage
Axial skeleton and Appendicular skeleton
supports the body's organs
provides movement throughout the body
storage for minerals and fats
Joints
Joints hold bone together
joints allow mobility for the bones
Classification of joints
classified based on the amount of movement
synarthroses are immovable joints
amiphiarthroses are joints that can slightly move
diarthoses freely move
Types of joints
Fibrous joints
cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints
Synovial joints
Plane joints
condyloid joint
pivot joint
hinge joint
saddle joint
ball & socket joint
Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral girdle
Clavicle
attaches the upper limb to the sternum
Scapula
attaches the upper limb to the back of the shoulder by muscle
Arm
forearm
Ulna
Hand
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Pelvic girdle
coxal bone
llium
isonium
pubis
Axial Skeleton
Bones of the skull
cranuim
frontal
patriel
temporal
occipital
sphenoid
ethmoid
Sutures
sagittal
lambdoidal
coronal
squamous
Bones of the Face
maxilla
mandible
zygomatic
nasal
palatine
lacrimal
inferior conchae
vomer
Hyoid
vertebral column
Bone Fracture
a break of crack in the bone
cause of bone fractures
high level of stress, impact, or pressure on healthy bone
disease such as as osteoporosis and other bone diseases
Types of Bone Fractures
comminuted
compression
depressed fractures
spiral fracture
green stick fracture
Bone Fracture Repair
reduction
bone is set, realigned and immobilized by cast or traction
Hematoma
blood-filled swelling caused by brocken blood vessel
Bone Growth
Intermembranous Ossification
occures directly in connective tissue membranes
flat bones of skull, mandible, ribs, and clavical
Endochondral Ossification
Cartilage is replaced by bone
most common method
occurs in long, short, and irregular bones
Epiphyseal plates allow for growth of the long bone during childhood
new cartilage is being formed continuously
Bone cells
osteosytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
mature bone cells
bone destroying cells
bone forming cells