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CASE 2 PBL 2 (FMDV) (Humoral immunity (Protects extracellular spaces, B…

- - - - RNA Polymerase
      - IFN resistance
    - - Envelope
      - Glycoproteins
      - Nucleocapsid
  - - - low levels of IFN-γ
        production may be found in infected
      - high levels of IFN-γ
        production may be found in many vaccinated
      - (IFN-γ) is a cytokine critical to both innate and adaptive immunity, and functions as the primary activator of macrophages, in addition to stimulating natural killer cells and neutrophils.
      - IFN-g production assay could be used to support the established serological assays to confirm infection in a previously vaccinated herd
- - - - stage 0->stage 5-> FMD free country
- - - - not impacted by pro- or anti-complement factors,need high levels of antigen
      - confirmatory diagnosis
    - - low sensitivity, difficulty interpreting results due to pro- and anti-complement activities
    - - more sensitive than ELISA, fast, reliable
      - serotyping could only be made for certain groups of serotypes or individual isolates
    - - more prone to variability,slower, subject to contamination and requires restrictive biocontainment facilities
      - used as a confirmation test for sera found positive by ELISA and for import/export certification
    - - point-of-care test
      - less expensive than PCR