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Conscience (Aquinas (He is insistent that we always follow our conscience.…
Conscience
Aquinas
He believed that conscience was the power to distinguish between Good and evil (Adam and Eve). This is the power of reason.
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When people do bad it is not because they are bad, but ill informed
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Erring conscience
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It is only blameworthy if it comes as a result of vincible ignorance, if it comes from invincible ignorance then it is not your fault.
Vincible ignorance - ignorance which you have had an opportunity to change, but voluntarily ignored.
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Butler
He saw the role of conscience as guarding or controlling influence over the different aspects of human nature.
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He argued against Aquinas's view that human nature is always good because people sometimes suppress their own desires in order to do good.
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Augustine of Hippo
St. Augustine of Hippo (334-430) agreed and similarly believed that conscience was to be identified with the voice of God speaking to us.
Augustine of Hippo (354-430) followed Jerome's understanding of conscience believing that it was a rational faculty which led people to make decisions.
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Definition -‘a moral sense of right and wrong especially as felt by a person and affecting behaviour'