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Populations and Ecosystems (Geographic Distribution (Local Geographic…
Populations and Ecosystems
Concept
Ecology is the study of organisms in relationship to all aspects of their surroundings.
Plants in Relationship to Their Habitats
Habitat
The habitat is the set of conditions in which an organism completes its life cycle.
Types
Biotic Habitat
Biotic Components are living factors.
For Example : species of fungi, animals, protists, prokaryotes, plants.
Abiotic Habitat
Abiotic Components are nonliving and are physical phenomena.
For Example: Climate, Soil, Altitude, Floods,
Geographic Distribution
Boundaries of the Geographic Range
Local Geographic Distribution
Types
Random Distributions
It is used whenever there is no obvious, identifiable pattern to the position of individuals .
Clumped Distributions
It is a distributions in which the spacing between plants is either small or large, but rarely average.
Uniform Didtributions
It is a types of distributions which occur in orchards and tree plantations
.
The Structure of Ecosystems
Physiognomic Structure
The physical size and shape of the organisms and their distribution in relation to each other and to the physical environment constitute the physiognomic structure.
Temporal Structure
The changes that an ecosystem undergoes with time constitute.
Species Composition
Species composition refers to the number and diversity of species that coexist in an ecosystem, and it depends on whether the climate is mild or stressful, the soil is rich or poor, and the species tolerance ranges are broad or narrow.
Tropic level
Trophic levels are basically feeding levels.
