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Elderly man had a PEG tube inserted due to stomach cancer (changes in…
Elderly man had a PEG tube inserted due to stomach cancer
changes in lifestyle
maintenance of tube, dressing changes, keeping tube patent
feeding tube could be temporarily or permanent
administering food, fluids, medications through tube
will be getting feedings three times a day, flushed with water every 4 hours to ensure patency, crushed medications given with water through tube
unable to properly digest enzymes needed for the body
Malnourished, problems swallowing
Unable to properly absorb medications, nutrients
unable to absorb carbohydrates, fats, fiber, minerals, proteins, vitamins, water
Bypassing oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, duodenum
Pt had his gallbladder removed several years ago
used for excess bile storage made from the liver
bile used for fat digestion
since removed, bile flows directly into intestines anytime its produced. it also helps control speed the food passes the intestines.
causes diarrhea
food passes through the mouth, teared up by teeth and tongue forms it into a bolus and helps pass it back
moves down the esophagus, epiglottis covers glottis to protect airway
down into the stomach going through the cardiac sphincter, through the cardia, passed the fundus into the body, down into the pyloric and through the pyloric sphincter
into the small intestines: duodenum, jejunum, ilium
through the cecum into the large intestines: ascending, transverse, desending colon.
into the sigmoid colon, into the rectum, through the anal canal, and out the anus
Enzymes are produced in the pancreas, small intestines, and stomach
Protease used to break down proteins, pepsin is produced in stomach by protease and acidic pH
Amylase is produced in pancreas and secreted into the small intestines, breaks down starch/carbs into sugars
Also produced in salivary glands called ptyalin that mixes with food and acts upon starch
Lipase breaks down lipids (fats/oils) into glycerol and fatty acids
The stomach is a temporary food storage, it churns and breaks down food by contraction/relaxation of muscles
Large intestines absorb H2O from remaining indigested food, passes waste material from the body
Small intestines occurs almost all digestion/absorption of nutrients and minerals of food
covered in villi all over to increase surface area to properly absorb nutrients from the gut
Sigmoid stores feces until its ready to leave the body