Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Skeletal System: Viviana Guzman Period-4 (Bones Name: anatomy and common…
Skeletal System: Viviana Guzman Period-4
Bones Name: anatomy and common term & definition
Fibula: smallest long bone in the lower limb lateral to the tibia bone
Maxillary: inferior to the frontal and superior to the cervical vertebrae (where the mustache is at)
Tibia: (shin) the bigger bone in the lower limb lateral to the fibula
Zygomatic Bone: the cheekbone lateral to the nasal
Patella: (kneecap) in between the femoral and tibia bone
Sphenoid: inferior to the frontal but lateral to the nasal bone
Femoral: (thigh) inferior to the pelvis bone and superior to the Tibia and fibula bone
Occipital: posterior to the cranium and mandible
Coccyx: inferior to the sacrum
Vomer: inside the nasal bone
iliac crest: surrounding the ilium
Temporal: lateral to tohe nasal boe
Ischium: Inferior to the sacrum
Pubic Symphasis: connecting the Ischium together
Sternum Body: Medial to the ribs and inferior to the manubrium
Ziphoid Process: Inferior to the sternum body (it is floating /hanging)
Radius: Lateral to the Ulna and superior to the carpal
Ulna: Lateral to the radius and inferior to the humerus
Manubrium: Superior to the sternum body and medial to the clavicles
Sternum: Which is in between lungs/ ribs and anterior to the cervical vertebrae and the thoracic (consists of three parts: sternum body, manubrium, and the ziphoid process
Types of Bones
Short Bone:
Examples:Carpals, talus, patella
cube shaped, sescimoid bones form in tendons are special
Flat Bone:
Examples: sternum scapula,ribs, and most cranial bones of skull
Thin, fatten but curved
Long Bone:
Example: Humerus, Tibia, fibula, ulna, radius
has a sharft plus 2 ends, which are often expanded. All limb bones are long bones and 3 bones in each finger
Parts of Long Bone: distal epiphysis, spongy bone, periosteum, compact bone, yellow marrow, red marrow, diaphysis, epiphyseal plate, proximal epiphyseal, articular cartilage, medullary cavity, and endosteum
Irregular Bone:
Examples: pelvis, vertebrae, sacrum
complicated (don't fit into other catergories)
Bone Remodeling:
bone resorption:
Bone deposition:
hormonal controls
control of remodeling:
maintaining Ca^2+ homeostasis
keeping bone strong
hormonal controls
hormonal controls determing weather and when remodeling occurs
mechanical stress determines when remodeling occurs
response to mechanical stress
Bone Fracture Repair:
begins with reduction
in closed reduction: physician's hands coax the bones ends into positiion
in open reduction; both ends are secured together surgically with screws and plates
simple fracture: 4 major stages
a homatoma form
fibrocartilaginous callus forms
bony callus forms
bone remodeling occurs
Types of Joints:
Examples:
flexion, extension, and hyperextension
adduction and abduction and circumulation
gliding
rotation
Difference Between Male and Female Pelvis:
Male Pelvis:
the coccyx is more narrow
Female Pelvis:
the coccyx is not narrow
Movements Allowed by Synovial Joints:
uniaxial
rotation
biaxial
flexion and extension
abduction and adduction
uniaxial
flexion and extension
biaxial
adduction and abduction
nonaxial
gliding
multiaxial
medial and lateral axis- flexion and extension
adduction and abduction
rotation
Types of Disorders:
osteomalacia
Rickets
pagets disease