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Pure and Impure Substances - Coggle Diagram
Pure and Impure Substances
Types of mixtures
Oils
Mixture of subsatcnes that does not mix with water
Alloys
Homogeneous mixture of two or more types of substances or metals
Emulsions
Mixture of two or more substances that are normally immiscible
Colloid: Two phases of matter are evenly spread in the mixture
Suspensions: Two or more substances gradually seperate
Solutions
Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Tyndall Effect
Seperation techniques
Filtration(insoluble solid from liquid)
Using filter paper
Distillation(solvents)
Simple(1 solvent)
Fractional (more than 1 solvent)
used in crude oil refinery
Chromatography(mixture)
Use locating agent for colourless substances/mixtures
Crystallisation(soluble solid from liquid)
Works because soluble solids tend to be less soluble at lower temperatures.
Saturated solution: Solution can dissolve no more solute at that temperature.
Evaporation(soluble solid from liquid)
For substances when solubility changes very little with temperature.
How to tell if a substance is pure?
Pure
Definite and sharp boiling and melting point
Impure
Melting point falls and boiling point rises
More impurity; bigger change in bp and mp
