Techno-Optimists

Limits to Growth

Unlimited economic growth is constrained by Biophysical limits and Moral limits

Limits: Population & Food

Global Food Supply

Impact of Food Production: 36 Million deaths related to malnutrition each year today

Overpopulation: UN estimates population peak of 9.22 Billion in 2075

Limits: Resources & Energy

Resource scarcity will encourage further discovery

Resource scarcity will encourage substitutes

Resource scarcity will encourage recycling

Resource scarcity will encourage efficiency of use

Limits: Pollution

Air pollution

Water pollution

Soil contamination

Radioactive contamination

Thermal pollution

Climate Change

Uncertainty & Risk

Sustainability

Sustainability

Weak sustainability assumes that different forms of capital are substitutable with one another

Sustainability can be achieved by keeping the total capital at least constant

Natural and human capital are complements not substitutes

Certain natural capital has no substitute

Progress: Growth and Prosperity

Muhammad Hadi Bin Yusof | CE170130

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Global Issues and Sustainable Development