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Unit 3: HUMAN REPRODUCTION - Coggle Diagram
Unit 3:
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS
PRIMARI SEXUAL CARATERISTIC: Are the differences between male and female reproductive organs.
SECONDARY SEXUAL CARATERISTIC: Are other physical differences between men and women.
THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Ovaries
: The ovaries produce female reproductive cells called ova.
Fallopian tubes
: are 10 centimetres long. They carry mature ova from the ovaries to the uterus.
Uterus
: The uterus is where a fertilices ovum develops into a baby.
The baby leaves the uterus through a narrow opening called the cervix.
Vagina
: The vagina is amuscular tube that goes from the uterus to the outside of the body.
The external part of the female reproductive organs is called the vulva.
The puberty in girls:
10-16 years old. They become physically mature and their body changes.
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE:
10-15 years old
MENOPAUSE
:
Around 50 menstrual cycle stops.
MENSTRUATION
(not fertilisation):
The uterus release the extra blood and tissue.
14 days after ovulation. 3 to 5 days.
Every 28 days, an ovary releases an ovum into
one of the fallopian tubes. This is called ovulation.
Before ovulation, the ovaries release
hormones (oestrogen and progestone)
PREGNANCY AND BIRTH
This requires two different sex cells: an ovum from the mother and sperm cell from the father.
These cells contain different
genes
that parents pass on the baby.
FROM ZYGOTE TO EMBRYO:
-The zygote travels to the uterus.
-It attaches to the wall of the uterus and it continues to grow.
-Embryo. It continues growing and developing.
FROM EMBRYO TO FOETUS:
-9 weeks, all of the embryo´s organ shave formed and it becomes a foetus.
-The foetus floats inside a sac of amniotic fluid.
-It is connected to the mother by the umbilical cord and the placenta and it provides oxygen and other nutrients.
-The placenta also absorbs carbon dioxide and other waste products that the foetus produces.
FERTILISATION:
-It occurs a sperm cell joins with an ovum.
-The sperm cells move through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes.
-Only one sperm cell can fertilise the ovum.
-The ovum starts to divide and grow in size, forming a ball of cells called a zygote.
LABOUR AND BIRTH:
-Labour: the muscle of the uterus start to contract, pushing the baby against the cervix.
-The amniotic sac breaks and the fluid is released.
-The baby is pushed through the cervix, into the vagina, or birth canal.
-The placenta leaves through the birth canal.
THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
The organs work together to produce sperm
and fertilise the ovum.
Testicles
: produce millions of sperm every day, are in a bag of skin called the scrotum.
Vasa diferentia and prostate:
The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called the vasa deferentia and carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate. Both of these produce semen.
Penis:
is a tubular organ that contains the urethra. Males release sperm through the urethra in a process called ejaculation. Urine is also released from the body through the urethra.
Puberty in boys:
11-16 years old. The brain produces hormones that affect the testicles. Then the testicles start
producing a hormone called testosterone, which causes physical changes.