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File Operations, network commands, File Operation - Coggle Diagram

- - - - find -L /var/www -name "*.js"
        The option -L tells the find command to follow symbolic links.
        The /var/www (path) specifies the directory that will be searched.
        The (expression) -name "*.js" tells find to search files ending with .js
        
        In linux everything is a file
        To search for files based on their types we use -type option
        
        f - a regular file
        
        d - directory
        
        l - symbolic link
        
        c - character devices
        
        b - block devices
        
        p - named pipe(FIFO)
        
        s -socket
        
        find . -type d
        Find directories in the current working directory
        
        find /home/linuxize -type f -name document.pdf
        To find a file by its name, use the -name option followed by the name of the file you are searching for.
        To search for a file named document.pdf in the /home/linuxize
        To run a case-insensitive search, change the -name option with -iname
        find /home/linuxize -type f -iname document.pdf
        The command above will match “Document.pdf”, “DOCUMENT.pdf” ..etc.
        
        find /var/log/nginx -type f -name '*.log.gz'
        To find all files ending with .log.gz inside the /var/log/nginx directory
        find /var/log/nginx -type f -not -name '*.log.gz'
        To find all files that don’t match the regex *.log.gz you can use the -not option
        
        To find files based on the file size, pass the -size parameter along with the size criteria
        
        b - 512-byte blocks (default)
        
        c - bytes
        
        w - two-byte words
        
        k - Kilobytes
        
        M - Megabytes
        
        G - Gigabytes
        
        find /tmp -type f -size 1024c
        find all files of exactly 1024 bytes inside the /tmp directory
        find . -type f -size -1M
        search for all files less than 1MB inside the current working directory
        find . -type f -size +1M
        search for files with a size greater than 1MB
        find . -type f -size +1M -size 21M
        find all files between 1 and 2MB
        
        find /etc/dovecot/conf.d -name "*.conf" -mtime 5
        ilter all files under the /etc/dovecot/conf.d directory that ends with .conf and has been modified in the last five days
        find /home -mtime +30 -daystart
        list all files in the /home directory that were modified 30 or more days ago
        
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- - - - cp file file_backup
        cp file{,_backup}
        copy a file named file.txt to file_backup.txt
        
        cp file.txt /backup
        copying the file file.txt to the /backup directory
        
        cp file.txt /backup/new_file.txt
        copy the file to the specified directory as new_file.txt
        By default, if the destination file exists, it is overwritten. The -n option tells cp not to overwrite an existing file.
        
        cp -i file.txt file_backup.txt
        To force cp to prompt for confirmation, use the -i option.
        
        cp -u file.txt file_backup.txt
        If you want to copy the file only if it is newer than the destination use the -u option
        
        cp -p file.txt file_backup.txt
        copying a file, the new file is owned by the user running the command. Use the -p option to preserve the file mode, ownership , and timestamps
        
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- - - - mv file1 file2
        To rename a file you need to specify the destination file name
        
        mv dir1 dir2
        moving directories is the same as when moving files.
        if the dir2 directory exists, the command will move dir1 inside dir2. If dir2 doesn’t exist, dir1 will be renamed to dir2
        
        mv file1 file2 dir1
        To move the files file1 and file2 to the dir1 directory you would type
        
        mv *.pdf ~/Documents
        To move all pdf files from the current directory to the ~/Documents directory
- - - - rm filename1 filename2 filename3
        rm allows you to delete multiple files at once.
        
        rm *.png
        use regular expressions to match multiple files. For example, to remove all .png files in the current directory.
        
        rm -d dirname
        To remove one or more empty directories use the -d option
        
        rm -r dirname
        To remove non-empty directories and all the files within them recursively, use the -r (recursive) option
        
        rm -i filename1 filename2
        -i option tells rm to prompt the user for each given file before removing it
        rm: remove regular empty file 'filename1'?
        rm: remove regular empty file 'filename2'?
        To confirm type y and press Enter
- - - - md5sum example.iso
        Running the above command would give the md5 checksum of the example.iso file in the current directory. Below is an example of how the output may appear with the full md5 checksum followed by the file name.
        d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e example.iso