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Corrections: An ever growing system, : - Coggle Diagram
Corrections: An ever growing system
Why does corrections continue to grow? Because it is not true that we have more crime than other countries. U.S. incarceration rate is 4 times higher than other countries
American Corrections today: Probation, Prison, Parole, Jail
"The Great Experience in Social Control"- generation of Americans who have witnessed the expansion in government control ever undertaken by a democratic state. The increase in prison population after 1970
Who has the expansion affected more than others? Nearly 1/3 of AA men in their 20's are under some form of social control. And 1/6 AA males have been to prison.
In the U.S. the chances of a felon getting a prison sentence is more likely than them getting probation
Purpose of Corrections: Norm for social control. Punish people for breaking societal rules.
Emile Durkheim: Crime is normal and the punishment performs the important function of spotlighting societal rules and values.
Punish people who violate the law to make them alert to shared interest and values.
Framework for studying Corrections
Goal
- Fair punishment and community protection
Interconnectedness
- Number of agencies that deal with each offender. They should be cooperating effectively.
Environment
-Know that correctional practices affect the community. And community values and expectations affect corrections.
Feedback
-This is necessary in order to maintain the effectiveness.
Complexity
-variety of public and private agencies that compose the correctional system.
crime control model- assumption that criminal behavior can be controlled by increased use of incarceration and other forms of strict supervision.
Rational strategies-
evidence based corrections
justice reinvestment
Age of reason
Rethinking the nature of society and the place of the individual in it
Some early methods of execution: Boil alive, Broken on the wheel, burned internally, flayed alive, hanged. List goes on...
Jeremy Bentham "Hedonic Calculus" Aim of action should be the greater possible balance of pleasure over pain. For offenders, must receive enough good to outweigh pain inflicted.
Retribution: Punishment inflicted on a person who has infringed the rights of others ands deserves to be penalized.
Or a mixed bag?
restoration
Forms of criminal sanction: Range from probation-prison. Even death!!!
Youth Crime: delinquent, neglected, independent
Limit detention and incarceration, focus on prevention in community, design programs based on strategies.
Most juveniles referred to by the courts do not result in a petition
One myth most people believe is that kids who are over 18 should be handled in adult court because adult court will better prevent their criminality. FALSE. Kids under 24 do not do well as those who are diverted from the court system.
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