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Innate Immunity micro. ch.15 lecture 1 - Coggle Diagram
Innate Immunity micro. ch.15 lecture 1
pathogen can cause disease only if it can...
gain access
attach itself to host cell
evade the body's defense mechanism long enough to make harmful changes
Body's defenses
resistance to most plant and animal pathogens
Species resistance
1st line
external barriers to pathogens (skin and mucous membranes)
2nd line
internal, made of protective cells blood borne chemicals and processes that inactivate or kill invaders (Phagocytic WBC'S)
3rd line
Lypmhocytes responding against species and strains of pathogens and alter body's defenses. Specific and have memory.
1st line of defense
main components
skin
mucous membranes of the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive system
when barriers are pierced, broken, or damaged, they become portal of entry for pathogens
skin
2 layers
epidermal dendritic cells
phagocytize and devour pathogens non-specifically and play role in adaptive immunity.
callogen fibers
Give skin strength and pliability to prevents jabs and abrasians that could introduce microorganisms.
sebum
secreted by sebaceous glands
helps keep skin pliable and less likely to break or tear
lower skin pH to level 5 inhibitory to many bacteria
staphylococcus epidermis
finds skin suitable environment for growth and reproduction
mucous membranes
lines all body cavities open to environment. Lines lumen of the respiratory, urinary, digestive, and reproductive tract
epithelium
thin, outer covering superficial or close to surface
Lacrimal apparatus
structures that make and drain tears
tears evaporate or drain in small canals that empty into nose which empties into pharynx and swallowed
lysozyme
destroys bacteria and together with mucous traps microbes to remove them
Microbiome
protects the body by competing with potential pathogens especially in microbial antagonism