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Dec - Climatology - Coggle Diagram
Dec - Climatology
Rossby wave
winds in upper atmosphere
interacting with
deep cyclonic circulation
above
cold north Atlantic waters
result
wave of air currents
curved down
from North Atlantic
squeezed in by
Tibetan plateau
and hit the
subcontinent
around mid-august
supressing rainfall
wave´s go from
west to east
but not towards
the equator
known as
planetary waves
naturally occur in rotating fluids
form primarily
as a result of rotation of planet
help transfer heat
from tropics towards the poles
attempt to
atmosphere to balance
different from ocean surface waves
Antarctic Circumpolar Current
largest ocean current current
on the planet
flows clockwise
as seen from south pole
from west to east
around Antarctica
alternative name
West Wind Drift
Antarctic research mission
organised by
Swiss Polar Institute (SPI)
Antarctic Circumpolar Expedition (ACE)
Himalayas
generate large
quantities of natural aerosols
play imp role in cloud formation
and earth climate
act as giant barrier
to wind flow
accumulation of aerosols
transported to high altitudes
by mountain winds
Aerosols
airborne particles
formed from both
natural sources
gases released by plants
pollutants emitted by
human activities
radiation balance
exposed to radiation from sun
balanced by
radiation escaping from earth
imp to maintain
planet´s climate
if balance get affected
known as radiative forcing
income radiation increases
positive forcing
heat emitted into space increase
negative forcing
Droughts in India
associated with El Nino
6 out of 10 droughts
in non-El Nino years
occurred during
Indian Summer-Monsoon season
In El Nino year
abnormally warm
equatorial pacific waters
pull
moisture-laden clouds away
from the subcontinent
but
are consequence of sudden
in Non-El Nino years droughts
and steep drop in rainfall
in late August
India’s polar expeditions
two research bases in Antarctica
Bharti and Maitri
research station at Arctic
Himadri
Microclimatic Zones
areas where
weather is different
from surrounding areas
shifting across
various district of India
Study found
MZ may lead
severe disruptions
across sectors
every 2ºC
rise in annual mean temp
will reduce agri productivity
by 15-20%
reasons identified behind
change in land-use patterns
disappearing wetlands
and natural ecosystems
by encroachment
and urban heat islands
traps heat locally