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IMPORT AND EXPORT - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The Law determines that the Administration of the Colon Free Zone has authority and responsibility over all activities within its segregated areas.
        
        Said authority and responsibility when the goods are received at the entrance door of the segregated area, and ends when after reviewing the corresponding delivery to the officials who are authorized within the Free Zone for their conduction and surveillance to ports of shipment within the customs territory of the Republic of Panama, for compliance with the respective tax laws.
    - - In the areas of free international trade, the Colon Free Zone may carry out the following operations, transactions, negotiations and activities
        Introduce, store, display, pack, unpack, manufacture, pack, assemble, assemble, retina, purify, mix, transform, and in general, operate and manipulate with all kinds of merchandise, products, raw materials, containers and other commercial effects , with the sole exception of articles that are prohibited from importing in accordance with the laws of the Republic.
        
        Allow other natural or legal persons, national or foreign residents or non-residents, to carry out the same operations, activities, negotiations and
        above transactions.
        
        In general, all kinds of operations, transactions, negotiations and activities related to or incidental to the establishment and operation of free international trade zones.
        
        Goods exempt from paying taxes, levies and other contributions
        prosecutors:
        
        All merchandise and other articles or articles of commerce that enter the free trade areas owned or operated by the Colon Free Zone will be exempt, at all times, from the payment of taxes, levies and other fiscal, provincial or any other contributions. order.
  - - - Declaration of Tickets
        
        It is the official form or document that is used to control the introduction of goods to the segregated area. This document, as well as regulating the entries, contains very interesting information for the Department of Statistics of the Colon Free Zone. All imports must be accompanied by this white document.
        
        It is also the document used to control the movement of merchandise and inventory within the Colon Free Zone.
        
        The entry of merchandise can be by the following routes: Maritime, area, postal, land or accompanied luggage.
    - - The exit is the official document, blue in color, that covers the sale of merchandise outside the area of the Free Zone by the following routes: Areas, Departure of accompanied luggage, Postal, sea, land and consumption on board.
    - - Declaration of Transfers or Internal Movement
        
        They are internal procedures that are carried out between companies established in the area of the Colon Free Zone, it is yellow.
        
        Las personas que firman las declaraciones de movimiento internacional por el vendedor y por el comprador, deben tener sus firmas autorizadas en el Movimiento Comercial.
        
        Movement of Goods within the area.
        
        The Security Inspector may demand, before any merchandise movement activity that takes place in the area, that the transfer of said movement be shown.
        
        Transfer of Goods to France Field
        
        For the transfer of merchandise from the segregated area to the France Field area, the user must present a cargo manifest before the customs compound, the customs inspector puts a stamp on the truck, in this case it is not necessary to present the declaration of transfer because the cargo manifest supports the internal movement.
        
        Loss procedure
        
        The forms for the declaration of internal movement are also used to process losses. Among the losses are the following cases:
        
        Losses due to missing
        
        Losses due to theft
        
        Losses due to destruction of goods
        
        Declaration - Customs Clearance
        
        This document covers purchases made in the Colon Free Zone to Panamanian territory.
        
        1 more item...
    - - .All merchandise that enters the country must be taxed with a single import tax
        
        Entry Processing
        
        The process to process an entry is very delicate and has certain variations depending on the boarding route.
        
        Original Documents, Commercial Invoice in the name of the company registered in the Colon Free Zone. It must be sworn by the manufacturer and the signature authenticated by the Panamanian consular official. Original bill of lading.
        
        To remove the merchandise from the dock you will need: Documents in the Free Zone, Bl1. of "relaease" or authorization of delivery, seal of captainship of the Port, to pay storage if there is and every truck that transports merchandise from the port to the Free Zone will carry a security seal.
  - - - Governments, or even private corporations, located in various countries, can form an international cartel, that is, they can effectively agree to restrict competition among themselves, and an effort to exploit their joint monopoly power.
      - CONDITIONS FOR THE SUCCESS OF AN INTERNATIONAL POSTER
        
        The cartel members must adhere to the decisions voted by the cartel members.
        
        The elasticity of demand for total consumption should be small.
        
        The elasticity of demand for imports from the rest of the world should be low in the relevant price range.
        
        The elasticity of supply of the good object of the cartel in the rest of the world must be small.
        
        The cartel must control a good part of the world market for the cartel good.
    - - It is an international price discrimination and occurs when a monopolist charges a lower price to foreign buyers than they pay domestic buyers for the same good.
    - - Dumping in all its forms violates Pareto optimality and for this reason is harmful to world welfare.
      - Importing countries generally retaliate against dumping either by imposing anti-umping or countervailing duties to offset the price differential.
      - In practice it is extremely difficult to distinguish between the 3 classes of dumping, and as a result economic policy is generally geared towards all dumping.
    - - Persistent Dumping
        
        It arises from the search for profit maximization by a monopolist who realizes that domestic and foreign markets are disconnected by transportation costs, tariffs and other barriers to trade.
      - Predatory or Raptor Dumping
        
        It is classified as an unfair, competitive method and as the most harmful form of dumping.
        
        It occurs when the producer, in an effort to eliminate competitors and gain control of the foreign market, deliberately sells abroad at a reduced price for a short time.
      - Sporadic Dumping
        
        It is an occasional price discrimination on the part of a product that turns out to have an occasional surplus due to overproduction.
  - - - The formation of a customs union normally shifts the national location of products of some goods when the shift in the national location of the production of a certain good is such that it creates some new trade.
    - - In addition to the static effects of trade creation and diversion, customs unions have some interesting dynamic effects, such as increased competition, stimulation of technical change, stimulation of investment, and economies of scale.
    - - Preferential trade agreements can take various forms and five of these agreements are distinguished: Preferential Trade Club, Free Trade Area, Customs Union, Common Market and Economic Union.
    - - There are countless government rules and regulations that, with or without intent, impede the free flow of trade.
      - Such technical and administrative rules include customs examination formalities, safety and health regulations, brand conditions and technical standards.