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THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, image, image, image, image - Coggle…
THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS
At the end of the 15th century, the Catholic Monarchs’ Isabella I of Castilla and Ferdinand II of Aragón established an authoritarian monarchy on the Iberian Peninsula. The same had also happened in France and England.
THE DYNASTIC UNION OF CASTILLA AND ARAGÓN
As a single state was not created, it is referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy.
In 1469, Isabella, the half-sister of Henry IV of Castilla, married Ferdinand, the Crown Prince of Aragón.
King of Castilla died in 1474
A civil war broke out between the followers of his daughter, Joanna la Beltraneja, who had the support of Portugal, and Isabella, who had the support of Aragón
The conflict ended in 1479 with the victory of Isabella.e
Ferdinand became the King of Aragón
The dynastic union of Castilla and Aragón.
This family union did not result in the creation of a unitary state. Each kingdom retained its own institutions, laws, language, currency and internal boundaries.
DOMESTIC REFORMS
The Catholic Monarchs carried out a series of domestic reforms to centralise power.
The number of royal officials was increased, the existing institutions were reformed and new ones were established.
Weaken the power of the nobility
A permanent army was formed with professional soldiers.
Permission was obtained from the Pope to place Military Orders under the monarchs' control.
Territories
Most important one
Council of Castilla
Aragón and Navarra
Trained officials began to replace the nobles in these institutions.
Specific matters
Castilian military orders were managed by the Council of Military Orders.
The royal treasury was given greater powers to control and administrate tax collection.
Councils of experts were appointed to advise the monarchs.
The judicial system of Castilla was restructured through the audiencias of Valladolid and Granada.
A militia, the Santa Hermandad, was created to fight crime and keep the peace in rural Castilla.
A militia, the Santa Hermandad, was created to fight crime and keep the peace in rural Castilla.
Reduce the autonomy of the kingdoms of the Hispanic Monarchy.
The power of the General Courts was reduced
The position of VICEROY was created, represented the monarchs in each of their kingdoms in their absence.
The Inquisition was established in the kingdom of Castilla in 1478. It was a religious court, although it was controlled by the Crown.
To restrict the autonomy of the urban oligarchies
In Castilla, the monarchs appointed the mayors, who ran the city councils.
In Aragón, the sortition system, where local governors were selected by lottery, was maintained.
To improve international relations.
The diplomatic corps, which represented the monarchs in other kingdoms, was expanded.
Castilla became an authoritarian monarchy.
The Crown of Aragón maintained the pact tradition, meaning that the king made decisions with the approval of the regional institutions.
