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women and religion - Rome, college - group of preists, AD 113, flamines =…
women and religion - Rome
roman priesthoods
women excluded from majority of colleges - priesthoods very political in rome
common that a high-ranking priest would also be a politician
even the cults of goddesses were presided by male priests
men held vast majority of priesthoods
VESTAL VIRGINS
main responsibilities :star:
tend to sacred fire and make sure it never goes out accidentally
once a year extinguish the flame, clean and purify the temple and relight the fire
to attend certain public festivals and sacrifices
to act as guardians of important documents, including wills and treaties
to bake to sacred salt cake used at state sacrifices
to assist the worship of the bona deaf and vesta by making blood sacrifices at their festivals
if vestal virgin had found to be unchaste she would be shut in a cave and left to die
take care of the temple of vesta and tend to ceremonial fire inside the temple
PRIVILEGES :star:
free form paterfamilias
right to manage own property and write their own will
only women in Rome allowed to travel by. carriage
protected - to harm a vestal virgin was sacrilegious and punishable by death
if they met a person on their way to be executed, they could pardon their death
special seats reserved for them at public shows and festivals
lived in a palatial residence called the house of the vestal virgins next to the temple of vesta
6 WOMEN
if they let the fire go out they would be beaten by the pontifex maximus
FLAMINICA DIALIS
duties :
sacrifice yam to Jupiter every 8th day on the market day
weaving a ceremonial cloak for the flamen dialis
no training but had to be married to flamen dialis by confarreatio and had to be a virgin
attending certain festivals alongside her husband
wife of the flamen dailies was flaminica dialis
avoiding religious pollution by not cutting her hair or nails in JUNE
flamen dialis = priest of Jupiter
college - group of preists
AD 113
flamines = college of 15 priests