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Health Care Access :, Telemedicine - Coggle Diagram
Health Care Access :
Barriers to Health Care
Higher cost of care services
Inadequacy or insurance coverage, as well as zero insurance coverage
Lack of availability of services
Lack of culturally competent care
Health Care Barriers lead to;
Unmet health needs
Delays in obtaining the appropriate care
Inability to get preventative services
Financial Burdens
What does Health Care Access Mean?
The use of an individuals personal health services to attain the top health outcomes. (Access to health services 2020)
Facilitating access is concerned with helping people to command appropriate health care resources in order to preserve or improve their health (What does "access to health care mean"? 2002)
References
What does 'access to health care' mean?. (2021)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11214843_What_does_'access_to_health_care'_mean
Access to Health Services | Healthy People 2020.(2021)
https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/Access-to-Health-Services
Importance
Gains entry into the health care system (typically through insurance coverage)
Finding a health care provider whom the patient trusts and can communicate with
Telemedicine
Overcome Barriers
More cost-effective, "Total respiratory costs of providing 101 telephone reviews were similar to those for 68 in-person reviews, and the average cost per consultation was lower in the telephone group compared with in-person" (The Empirical Foundations of Telemedicine Interventions in Primary Care)(2016).
Availability increases by spending less time waiting for an in-person visit, as well as scheduling an appointment
Telemedicine has other programs available for people without insurance coverage or inadequate insurance coverage. Furthermore, the studies depicts a telemedicine visit is virtually cost effective compared to an in-person visit
Reduces geographic boundaries, furthermore it also allows the patient to receive information based on their ethnicity as well as backgrounds
Benefits towards people who have access to healthcare
Time Management
Patients were in favor of having access to their PCP over the Internet or telephone during off-hours, as well as when seeking advice on health problems, prescription renewals, and making appointments. Some were willing to pay modest amounts out-of-pocket for such service.
Patients were satisfied with the convenience of e-visits and e-prescribing, and they equated e-consulting with in-person except for conditions that require physical examination, where they preferred in-person visits.
Patients tended to adhere to health advice and coaching provided by nurses over the telephone as a substitute for in-person visits.
Cost & Quality of care delivery
Total respiratory costs of providing 101 telephone reviews were similar to those for 68 in-person reviews, and the average cost per consultation was lower in the telephone group compared with in-person. (The Empirical Foundations of Telemedicine Interventions in Primary Care) (2016).
Appointment reminders by telephone and SMS texting resulted in improved clinic attendance (converse of no-show) by about 10 percentage points, but cost of texting is lower. Electronic scheduling with tracking improved access to referred specialty care.
Lower coverage of insurances boosts the use of telemedicine, therefore making it more cost-effective for the same quality of care
Expands overall access to healthcare as well making the telemedicine service more cost-effective
Primary Care Functions;
First Contact
Gatekeeper
Manager/Coordinator
References:
Bashshur, R., Howell, J., Krupinski, E., Harms, K., Bashshur, N., & Doarn, C. (2016). The Empirical Foundations of Telemedicine Interventions in Primary Care. Telemedicine And E-Health, 22(5), 342-375. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2016.0045
Importance
The majority of studies support the feasibility/acceptance of telemedicine for use in primary care, although it varies significantly by demographic variables, such as gender, age, and socioeconomic status, and telemedicine has often been found more acceptable by patients than healthcare providers (The Empirical Foundations of Telemedicine Interventions in Primary Care)(2016)