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Factors affecting human health. How can we prevent sicknesses? - Coggle…
Factors affecting human health. How can we prevent sicknesses?
Factors
Genetics
-- inheritance plays a role in determining lifespan + healthiness + and the likelihood of developing a certain illness
Age
Sex
Family history of diseases
Inherited conditions
sickle cell anemia
hemophilia
cystic fibrosis
Physical Environment
-- safe water, clean air, healthy workspace, hygienic houses, working conditions, exposure to toxic substance
Education
awareness of prevention of sicknesses can help reduce the rate at which the disease is acquired or transmitted
Individual Behavior
Diet
Boosts energy
Combats obesity
Combats health conditions
Physical actiivty
Alcohol + cigarette use
leads to the damage of lungs and liver - can lead to cancer
Hand washing
Social Determinants
availability of resources to meet needs, wages, availability of healthy food
Public safety
social support, social interactions
Socioeconomic conditions - poverty
Access to health services - health care/ hospitals/ cost of surgeries/ cost of insurance
Prevention of Sicknesses
External
Vaccinations
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins. The agent stimulates the body’s immune system to recognize it as foreign, destroy it, and ”remember” it, so that the immune system can more easily identify and destroy any of these microorganisms that it encounters later. The body’s immune system responds to vaccines as if they contain an actual pathogen, even though the vaccine itself is not capable of causing disease.
Hygiene
Wash your hands often. Washing with regular soap and rinsing with running water, followed by thorough drying, is considered the most important way to prevent disease transmission. Routine consumer use of residue-producing antibacterial products, such as those containing the chemical triclosan, have not been proven to confer health benefits and may actually contribute to antibiotic resistance. Prepare and handle food carefully.
Anti-biotics and Anti-virals
Antibiotics are powerful medicines that fight bacterial infections. They either kill bacteria or stop them from reproducing, allowing the body’s natural defenses to eliminate the pathogens. Used properly, antibiotics can save lives. But growing antibiotic resistance is curbing the effectiveness of these drugs. Taking an antibiotic as directed, even after symptoms disappear, is key to curing an infection and preventing the development of resistant bacteria.
Internal
IMMUNE SYSTEM: The immune system is designed to monitor, recognize, and even remember the virus and take action to eliminate it, when a virus invades healthy cells. The immune system does this by releasing chemicals that trigger virus-fighting cells
2nd line of defense
3rd line of defense:
1st line of defense: Physical and chemical barriers like skin, mucous membranes, hair, cilia, urine, and defecation and vomiting.
physical barriers:
skin, mucous membranes, and endothelia
chemical barriers:
Sweat, mucus, tears, and saliva all contain enzymes that kill pathogens
White Blood cells: They flow through your bloodstream to fight viruses, bacteria, and other foreign invaders that threaten your health. When your body is in distress and a particular area is under attack, white blood cells rush in to help destroy the harmful substance and prevent illness. White blood cells are made in the bone marrow