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Industrial Safety III: Methodologies and Control Measures - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Health surveillance is articulated as an essential part of the right of workers to effective occupational safety and health protection. The law even states that in those cases where the nature of the risks inherent to the job makes it necessary, the right of workers to periodic monitoring of their health status must be extended beyond the termination of the employment relationship.
        
        The Occupational Risk Prevention Law establishes, among the general principles of preventive activity, that the employer shall apply the measures that make up the general duty of prevention by combating the risks at their origin and adopting measures that place collective protection before individual protection. Individual protection equipment must be used when there are risks to the safety or health of workers which could not be avoided or sufficiently limited by technical means of collective protection or by measures, methods or procedures of work organization.
- - - - Statistical analysis: this involves interpreting and processing the data obtained from the various studies carried out on accidents at work, absenteeism,... in order to analyse their causes and adopt the necessary measures.
        
        Notification and registration of accidents: the establishment of reliable methods of notification and registration of accidents (whether they produce damage or not) is fundamental in order to be able to carry out a subsequent study on the causes that originated it and to propose and implement preventive actions to prevent it from happening again.
        
        Accident investigation: it is used to analyze in depth any accident that occurs, in order to know the development of the events that precipitated it and to determine its causes in order to take advantage of the experience obtained to prevent future events.
  - - - EMERGENCY AND EVACUATION PLANS
        
        The Prevention of Labor Risks indicates the obligations that the employer has related to the adoption of emergency measures in the company or work center. The employer, taking into account the size and activity of the company, as well as the possible presence of outsiders (visitors, customers,...), must analyze possible emergency situations and adopt the necessary measures in terms of first aid, fire fighting and evacuation of workers.
        
        Risk assessment: assessment of the risk conditions of the building according to the available means (analysis of the risk factors and the conditions of evacuation of the different areas of activity, situation and location plans,...)
        
        Means of protection: available and precise human and material means, determining the equipment and its functions in order to establish the data of interest that guarantee the prevention of risks and the initial control of possible emergencies (inventory of means of detection, alarm, intervention, evacuation routes,...).
        
        Emergency plan: it contemplates the diverse hypotheses of emergency, the plans of performance in each one of them and the conditions of use and maintenance of the facilities (classification of emergencies according to the gravity, determination, composition, and performance of the equipment, sequential schemes of intervention,...)
        
        Implementation: general dissemination of the plan, specific training programs for the personnel incorporated into it, carrying out simulations, monitoring, review and research programs,...
- - - - Psychosociology.
        Its purpose is to control psycho-social risks, that is, those derived from the organizational characteristics and the structure of the company, avoiding situations of stress, dissatisfaction, depressions...
        
        Ergonomics.
        By its own conception it includes the other branches of the prevention, it affects all the professional risks, since its objective is to obtain a more effective, comfortable and safe work. Ergonomics designs the material means and methods seeking to adapt the work to the capabilities of the people who perform it.
        
        Identification of contaminants:
        For the identification of any chemical product it is essential to have a correct labeling and packaging that informs about the product we are using. Likewise, we must know the industrial process, the different operations that compose it and the physical-chemical characteristics of the process.
        Once the existing substances in the environment are known, we need data on their toxicity, characteristics, physical-chemical properties, etc., for which we will use legal references or studies from prestigious research entities.