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Material Design, Problems - Coggle Diagram
Material Design
Sources
EGP
Students
Authentic materials
Examples: "instruction leaflets, journals, manuals, advertisements, internet links, inscription forms, demonstration videos, statistics, and job offers"
Use of references.
ESP
Effectiveness of Using Authentic Materials in ESP Courses
What is Authenticity?
Morrow (1977) defines authentic text as the language produced by a real speaker or
writer for a real audience which is expected to express a real message.
Tatsuki (2006:1) “authenticity is taken as being synonymous with genuineness, realness, truthfulness, validity, reliability, undisputed credibility, and legitimacy of materials or practices”.
According to Mishan (2005)“Authenticity is a factor of :
Original communicative and socio-cultural purpose of the text
Original context of the text
Provenance and authorship of the text
Learning activity engendered by the text
Learners’ perceptions of and attitudes to, the text
Advantages:Berardo (2006:64)
Relating to students' needs
Exposing students to real language
creative approach to teaching
authentic cultural information
Positive motivational effect
Types MacDonald et al. (2006)
Text authenticity
Competence Authenticity
Learner Authenticity
Proposed Authenticity
Benefits:
Highlighting comprehension
Enhancing motivation
Providing opportunities to introduce cultural issues
Presenting real language
Creating language awareness
Use:
Learner-based area of professional expertise
-pragmatic paradigm (contextualized teaching)
-content-based instruction:
Based on 4 princples
Ensuring the systematic selection to develop learners' professional knowledge
authenticity of professional-related learning activities
“ensuring professional authenticity of learning materials"
The Importance of Materials Design
Types of Materials
Teaching Materials
produce teaching materials to meet the language requirements of science students
the discourse
of scientific writings
Prepare the students for the situations they are
intended for and will make the teacher's job as interesting and rewarding as possible.
Essential to evaluate existing
materials.
Save a lot of duplication of effort by revealing existing
materials that can meet all or part of our teaching materials needs.
Reading Materials
Help students meet their academic
requirements and can satisfy their interests towards enriching their English.
GE Materials
EST
salient features of scientific
and technical texts.
criterion features
Passive construction
More common in architectural text than in others.
to make the meaning easy and
clear to understand.
Definite article
frequently used in architectural and medical texts more than ordinary ones.
Demonstratives
Perspectives
Students
Teacher should see students use grammar in meaningful verbal interaction in class.
Acquisition of word meaning is best possible in the fields of study.
More subject-specific materials
Non-verbal devices are very important in understanding the text.
It is useful to practice pronunciation
All the texts and more technical terms related to each course should be related to their courses .
Useless materials and shortage of time are main reasons for not being successful in learning English
Teachers
Grammar should be presented in context.
Vocabulary should be presented in a way to encourage them to make better use of reading strategies
Direct translation may not be very helpful to improve their reading strategies.
Students should have a textbook special for themselves.
Contents of the texts should be
richer with more relevant technical terms.
Due to shortage of time and course objective seems somewhat time-consuming and non-productive.
Dos & Don'ts use of Authentic materials:
Harding (2007:10)
• Think about what is needed.
• Understand the nature of subject area or vocation.
• work out the language needs in relation to the subject.
• Use contexts, texts, and situations from subject area.
• Exploit authentic materials that the students use in their specialism or vocation
• Make the tasks authentic as wells as the texts
• Motivate the students with variety, relevance, and fun.
• Take the classroom into the real world that the students inhabit, and bring their real world into the classroom.
Problems