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Light - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Fulfils some properties of waves and some properties of particles.
    - - Interference Patterns
        
        2 waves occupy the same space
      - How colours are identified
  - - - Doesn’t fulfil all properties of mass
        
        When 2 beams of light cross, they don’t bounce off each other
        
        If light had mass, it should pierce our bodies and kill us
    - - When shines on metals, transfers energy into them in packets called ‘quanta’
      - Refraction
        
        Definition
        
        Bending of light when it travels from one medium to another
        
        Lenses
        
        Concave Lenses
        
        Make objects look smaller
        
        Curves inward
        
        Light refracted through it diverges
        
        Convex Lenses
        
        Make objects look bigger
        
        Light refracted through it converges
        
        Bulges outward
        
        Laws of Refraction
        
        Rarer Materials to Denser Materials
        
        Angle of Refraction < Angle of Incidence
        
        Speed of light slows down when it enters a denser object
        
        Denser Materials to Rarer Materials
        
        Angle of Refraction > Angle of Incidence
        
        Speed of light speeds up when it enters a rarer object
        
        Incident ray, Normal and Refracted ray lie on the same plane
        
        If incident ray falls on the normal, no change in direction
        
        Dispersion
        
        When light is split into 7 colours
        
        Prism
        
        Each colour is slowed down differently, so is bent at a different angle
        
        Dispersion occurs when light passes through it
        
        Terms
        
        Refracted Ray
        
        Ray being refracted when density of material changes
        
        Angle of Refraction
        
        Angle between Refracted ray and Normal
        
        Normal
        
        Imaginary line perpendicular to the mirror starting at point of incidence
        
        Emergent Ray
        
        Ray returning to original speed and material it was travelling through
        
        Angle of Incidence
        
        Angle between Incident ray and Normal
        
        Angle of Emergence
        
        Angle between Emergent ray and Normal
        
        Incident Ray
        
        Ray of light striking the mirror
- - - - Light travels in a straight line from its source
    - - Biggest light source (for humans)
      - Emits light in all directions
  - - - Allows us to see non luminous objects
      - Laws of reflection
        
        Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
        
        Incident ray, Reflected ray, Normal and Point of Incidence lie on the same plane
      - Mirror
        
        Plane Mirror
        
        Terms
        
        Point of Incidence
        
        Point on the mirror at which the incident ray is striking
        
        Normal
        
        Imaginary line perpendicular to the mirror starting at point of incidence
        
        Angle of incidence
        
        Angle between Incident ray and Normal
        
        Reflected Ray
        
        Ray that bounces off the mirror
        
        Angle of Reflection
        
        Angle between Reflected ray and Normal
        
        Incident Ray
        
        Ray of light striking the mirror
        
        Properties
        
        Object Distance = Image Distance
        
        Image is the same size as the object
        
        Objects are always laterally inverted (flipped vertically)
        
        Curved Mirrors
        
        Convex Mirror
        
        Image looks bigger
        
        Light rays diverge
        
        Concave Mirror
        
        Image looks upside down
        
        Light rays converge
      - Regular and Irregular Reflection
        
        Regular Reflection
        
        Occur on smooth surfaces
        
        Follow Laws of Reflection
        
        Images are clear and accurate
        
        Irregular Reflection
        
        Occur on rough surface, can’t see images in them
        
        Rays scatter in different directions
        
        Image is irregular and distorted due to rays scattering
      - Images
        
        Virtual Image
        
        Cannot be caught on screen
        
        Mirror images are virtual
        
        Real Image
        
        Can be caught on screen
    - - Transparent
        
        Allows light to pass through it
      - Translucent
        
        Allows some light to pass through it
      - Opaque
        
        Light is absorbed and reflected from it
        
        Shadows
        
        Non transparent objects block light to form shadows
        
        Opaque objects - Dark shadows
        
        Translucent objects - faint shadows
        
        Size
        
        Closer the object to the light source, bigger the shadow
        
        Intensity
        
        Larger the light source, fuzzier the shadow
        
        Direction
        
        Opposite to light source