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Ch.2 Formulating and clarifying the research topic (2.4 Turning research…

- - - - Review articles: these articles contain a considered review of the state of knowledge in a particular topic area and are therefore likely to contain a wealth of ideas about the area. Preliminary search
  - - - which you start with a broad concept from which you generate further (usually more specific) topics. Each of these topics forms a separate branch from which you can generate further, more detailed sub-branches – similar to mindmap
    - - Brainstorming
        
        best undertaken a group of people.
        
        Defining the problem (precisely),
        
        Asking for suggestions
        
        Recording suggestions
        
        Reviewing suggestions
        
        Analyzing suggestions
- - - - Types 4
        
        Too cold
        
        Too big
        
        Too Hot
        
        Too small
    - - Exploratory
      - Evaluative
        
        Questions that seek explanation will either commence with ‘why’. ‘How effective?’ is designed to be evaluative
      - Descriptive
        
        A question that commences with ‘what’, ‘when’, ‘where’, ‘who’, or ‘how’ will lead to an answer that will be at least partly descriptive.
      - Exploratory
  - - - Is a brief statement of the purpose of the research project. It is often written as a sentence stating what you intend to achieve through your research project.
    - - express ‘how’ you intend to structure the research process to answer your question and achieve your aim
  - - - Advising you to carry out research in a particular way (variable a) is based on the theory that this will yield effective results (variable b).
      - Deductive approach
        
        will require you identify a clear theoretical position when you draft the research question that you will then test.
      - Inductive approach
        
        does not rely on identifying existing theoretical position but it is intended to allow meanings to emerge from data as you collect them in order to identify patterns and relationships to build a theory
    - - Causality - Theory is concerned with cause & effect
      - Logical reasoning - To explain why the relationship exists
- - - - clear specification to guide your research project. Looking for evidence of coherence and lucidity in the way you have written your research proposal, to demonstrate that it will be fit for purpose and able to direct your research activity
    - - ethics committee. Where research involves young and vulnerable participants especially. Also how is information kept and distributed
    - - convince your tutor that the proposed research is achievable within the time and other resources available.
  - - - should simply and concisely summaries the research question
    - - ‘how shall I conduct my research?
    - - This will help you and your reader to decide on the viability of your research proposal. It will be helpful if you divide your research plan into stages
    - - It needs to introduce the reader to the research issue or problem. This addresses the question, ‘what am I going to do’
    - - Resource considerations may be categorized as finance, data access and equipment. What type of data collect will be used computer software.
    - - A few key literature sources to which you have referred in the background section and which relate to the previous work and theory that directly informs your own proposal, as well as references to the methods literature, should be all that is necessary
- - - - Avoid repeating work
    - - Refine research questions and objectives
    - - Highlight research that's been overlooked
    - - Insights into strategies and techniques appropriate to your research objectives
  - - - Theory
        
        Hypotthesis
        
        Observation
        
        Confirmation
    - - Observation
        
        Pattern
        
        Tentative Hypothesis
        
        Theory