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Conventions Of Factual Programme (Expository Doc (They inform the audience…
Conventions Of Factual Programme
Expository Doc
They inform the audience through facts, figures and stats.
They cover events, topics or issues.
The point of expository documentary is to investigate, unveil or entertain the audience.
Codes and Conventions- Lots of establishing, master and wall paper shots.
Contains interviews.
Lots of planning and narrative consideration which means pre-planned shots, interviews and scenarios.
Video and images are used to illustrate the documentary and a voice to accompany.
A variety of footage, interviews, stills and archive material.
Diegetic Audio and None Diegetic Audio-
Diegetic is anything picked up by the camera when recording for example if the noise of traffic when recording cars. None Diegetic is any added sound like a voice over or music.
Performative Doc
The filmmaker is subjective in the doc and influences the direction of the film. The style is the filmmaker's chance to tell a story and create the narrative. This documentary style has more emphasis on emotional and social impact on the audience. The filmmaker tries to bring out the viewpoints on the issue being reported, investigated and highlighted.
Codes and Conventions- Establishing and wallpaper shots accompany voice over narration
Medium, close- ups and POV shots
Relatively hand held, additional feeling and tone.
Mixture between pre- arranged interviews and 'spur of the moment interviews,
Reaction shots
Direct address by the filmmaker (VO or piece to cam)
Diegetic Audio- Dialogue, ambience from locations, synchronised sounds.
Non- Diegetic Audio- Use of Music/ soundtrack to create pace/ tension, foley sounds effects to add emphasis, voice over to support.
Interactive (Participatory) Doc
a similar style to performative documentary however it features more interaction from the film maker.
often made up of prearranged scenarios and is a lot more informal and not as serious as other documentary's e.g an idiot abroad.
rarely feature voice over.
the film maker is often visible, interacts with the subject and leads the narrative.
lots of hand held camera work.
interviews and Q&A's are usually informative and the wallpaper shots and cutaways lead into the next scene.
Multi cam set up for continuity.
variety of audio is included to help create the tone and feel of the documentary.
Observational Doc
Observational Documentary is the most analysed style of documentary it is often known as fly on the wall documentary. It strives for cinematic realism. The gritty realism is great for new technology as the faster lenses are great for shooting in low light situations and smaller cameras mean more handheld shots.
The footage is very real and unedited and it rolls off real emotion the smaller cameras mean they are more discrete so people can't see them and act up for the camera.
Fredrick Wisemans Codes and Conventions- There is no interventions from the filmmaker, no interview questions, no commentary to the camera and no narration.
The cameraman has to stay very active and alert to capture any real action
Wiseman Records the sound by just keeping hold of the microphone
He uses pre-arranged hand signals to tell the cameraman to move to a different position for a certain shot.
Dramatisation Doc
a dramatisation documentary is often based on a highly publicised or covered issues. they use a lot of eye witness accounts and will recreate the event as accurately as possibly.
a dramatisation documentary typically has 2/3 professionals to further the narrative.
can often feel like a TV programme or film.
the narrative is often based upon extensive research with lots of prearranged interviews and scenarios.
features diegetic audio including speech/dialogue, applied sound effects and ambiance music.
also non diegetic audio such as soundtrack, sound effects to further narrative, voiceover narrative.