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Acute Asthma Exacerbation ((Pathophysiology (antigen exposure (mast cell,…
Acute Asthma Exacerbation
Pathophysiology
antigen exposure
mast cell
rapid bronco spasms
subacute/chronic inflammation
neural and vascular effects
recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells
cytokines
chemotactic factors
Clinical Presentation
wheezing
breathlessness
chest tightness
coughing
Epidemiology
Quick-relief medications (rescue medications)
•Oral and intravenous corticosteroids (for serious asthma attacks)
•Ipratropium (Atrovent)
•Short-acting beta agonists such as albuterol
Long-term asthma control medications
•Combination inhalers that contain both a corticosteroid and a LABA
•Theophylline
•Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)
•Leukotriene modifiers
•Inhaled corticosteroids
anti-inflammatory inhalers
Diagnosis
Blood cell count
Physical exam
Imaging
Allergy testing
Lung function tests