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year 9 science revision (chemistry (((Chem 7: I can predict the outcomes…

- - - - I can describe the function of the gas exchange system
        
        I can name the dissolved materials that are transported around the system by the blood.
        
        I can describe how valves are important for the unidirectional flow within the double circulatory system.
        
        I can distinguish between arteries, veins and capillaries.
        
        I can describe how the heart acts as a pump to move the blood around the body.
        
        -I can describe how the circulatory and gas exchange systems work together,
        
        I can describe the function of the Skeletal and Muscular System
        The muscular system contains more than 600 muscles that work together to enable the full functioning of the body. Skeletal muscles are the only muscles that can be consciously controlled. They are attached to bones, and contracting the muscles causes movement of those bones.
        
        I can describe how ventilation of the lungs delivers a useful material and removes a waste product.
        
        The respiratory system has built-in methods to prevent harmful substances in the air from entering the lungs. Hairs in your nose help filter out large particles. Microscopic hairs, called cilia, are found along your air passages and move in a sweeping motion to keep the air passages clean.
        
        I can describe how the lungs are adapted for gas exchange.
        The alveoli are adapted to make gas exchange in lungs happen easily and efficiently. ... they give the lungs a really big surface area. they have moist, thin walls (just one cell thick) they have a lot of tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
        
        -I can explain how diffusion occurs across the alveoli and across cell membranes.
        Oxygen and carbon dioxide, dissolved in water, are exchanged by diffusion in the lungs: oxygen moves down a concentration gradient from the air in the alveoli to the blood. carbon dioxide moves down a concentration gradient from the blood to the air in the alveoli.
        
        I can distinguish between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
        
        I can describe how the circulatory and gas exchange system systems work together.
        
        I can describe the effects of exercise, smoking and asthma on the human gas exchange system.
        
        I can define asthma and describe the effect it has on the bronchioles.
        
        I can name some of the chemicals found in cigarettes and link them to their effects upon the body.
        
        I can explain how the oxygen taken in by gas exchange is used to produce energy in the body cells by respiration.
        During cellular respiration the cell uses oxygen to break down sugar. Breaking down sugar produces the energy your body needs. ... Blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide in the lungs. The opposite takes place in the cells where the blood releases oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide.
        
        I can describe the function of the immune system
        
        I can describe role of the bones and skeleton
        
        -I can describe working of a synovial joint between bones in the skeleton
        
        I can describe how antagonistic muscles, bones and tendons work together to produce movement.
        
        I can explain how vaccinations lead to becoming immune.
        
        I can define a microbe, symptom and disease.
        
        -I can name the 3 types of microbes.
        
        -I can distinguish between the two types of white blood cells
        
        I can describe the role of antigens in specific immune response
        
        I can describe what vaccinations are made from.
        
        I can explain how vaccination leads to immunity.
- - - - I can identify common elements, mixtures and compounds
      - I can define an element / compound/ mixture/ atom/ molecule
      - I can describe a model atom
      - I can distinguish between atomic and molecular elements
      - I can distinguish between elements, compounds and mixtures using ideas about atoms
  - - - Chem 3: I can use the periodic table like a scientist
        
        I can identify where metals and nonmetals are in the periodic table and describe their properties.
        
        I can describe the organisation in the periodic table (groups and periods)
        
        I can use valencies to work out the formula of simple compounds.
        
        I can predict where an unknown element would be placed in the periodic table.
  - - - Chem 5: I can name compounds and write equations.
        
        I can use the rules to name compounds.
        
        I can structure a simple word equation with reactants and products and + and →
        
        I can name all reactants and products in the following types of reaction:
        
        metals and oxygen
        
        metals with water
        
        metals with acid
        
        acids with alkalis
        
        combustion
        
        displacement
        
        I can use state symbols to indicate the properties of the reactants and product in a reaction.
  - - - Chem 7: I can predict the outcomes displacement reactions
      - I can define displacement reactions
      - I can describe the pattern of reactivity of group one alkali metals.
      - I can sequence the reactivity series of metals and include hydrogen and carbon (bottom reactivity series)
      - I can apply the reactivity series to predict displacement reactions
      - I can write complete word equations for displacement reactions
- - - - I can describe the law of conservation of energy.
        
        I can define energy as conserved quantity stored in objects and can be transferred from one object to another.
        
        I can describe energy pathways for both transfers and transformations models, within a system.
        
        I can calculate and explain the idea of efficiency of energy transfer.
        
        I can state the units energy is measured in joules.
        
        I can describe how some energy is transferred usefully while some is dissipated
        
        I can explain how heat travels from place of high energy concentration to lower energy concentration using particles and as waves.
        
        I can distinguish between heat and temperature
        
        i can define insulators and conductors
        
        I can describe how energy is dissipated.
        
        I can distinguish between using energy as an everyday term and as a scientific one.
        
        I can distinguish between energy resources and energy types/ forms/ stores.
        
        I can distinguish between energy stores and energy carriers.
        
        I can explain how energy tends to spread from a more concentrated store to more dispersed stores; and that this makes it less useful for doing anything more
      - I can form informed opinions about the use of Natural energy resources to supply our way of life with its “energy needs”.
        
        I can identify and define Non- Renewable (finite) and Renewable (infinite) resources
        
        I can explain where we get electricity from.( how electricity is induced)
        
        I can describe the pros and cons of each energy resource
        
        I can explain why electricity is so useful.
        
        I can describe the greenhouse effect, global warming(climate change)
        
        I can define a carbon sink.
- - - - I can identify when friction is useful and when it is not useful to the motion of an object.
      - I can identify the different forces
      - I can identify different types of friction
      - I can identify where friction takes place.
      - I can explain how Newton’s 3rd Law of motion often requires friction between two objects
      - I can describe the speed and acceleration of an object
        
        I can distinguish between speed, acceleration and deceleration.
        
        I can use s=d/t to calculate speed, distance or time
        
        I can calculate Newtons second law of motion f=ma and use it to explain why the size of an object affects its motion
        
        I can explain how pressure can be changed fluids
        
        I can define pressure and calculate p=F/A
        
        I can describe the increase in pressure with increasing depth of fluid.