Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Integumentary System (Body membranes (cutaneous: primary layer,…
The Integumentary System
Layers of the epidermis
Stratum Lucidum: contains dead cells, visible only in thick skin, is a clear layer
Stratum Granulosum: very thin, cells die here due to keratinization process
Stratum Corneum: outer most layer, high levels of keratin, prevents water loss & protects against abrasion
Stratum Spinosum: form desmosomes, new cells form here, has a spiky appearance, most abundant layer
Stratum basale: deepest layer , closest to dermis, cells constantly dividing, sit on basement membrane
Layers of skin
Dermis: inner layer, dense fibrous connective tissue, thicker than epidermis, contains nerve and blood vessels
Hypodermis: subcutaneous layer, contains adipose tissue, shocker absorber, reduces heat loss, and anchors skin to underlying structures
Epidermis: outer layer, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, avascular
Body membranes
cutaneous: primary layer, secretes sebum, means skin
mucus: made of epithelium, goblet cells present, produces mucus
serous: secretes serous for lubrication , double membrane layer , closest to exterior
synovial: connective tissue only, lines surrounding joints, produces synovial fluid, cushion organs
4 types: serous, cutaneous, mucus, synovial
-
Functions: secretes fluids, lines, protects, & covers body surfaces, lines body cavaties
-
-
-
Burns
3° burn: high risk of fluid loss, skin grafting required, nerve endings are destroyed
critical burns: if 25% of body has 2° burns it is considered critical or 10% of body has 3° burns , skin grafting is required to restore healthy skin
-
Rules of Nines: head & neck is 9%, upper limbs is 18%, trunk is 36%, lower limbs is 36%, genitals is 1%
-
Accessory organs
Sudoriferous glads:located everywhere except the nipples, and lips, has 2 major types, most numerous gland
Eccrine sweat glands: found almost everywhere, duct opens creating a pore, secretes swear
Cutaneous glands: secrete sweat onto skin, contain oil and swear glands
Apocrine glands: found in axillary & genitals, functions during puberty, contains fatty substances and proteins, bacteria eats swear which causes body odor, empties ducts into hair follicles