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Integumentary System Daniela Cerna P.2 (Skin cancer (Benign (is not a…
Integumentary System
Daniela Cerna P.2
Layers of dermis (Second major skin region)
`Reticular layer
Many appendages are located here sweat glands, hair follicles and at the nerve receptors
Papillary Layer
Where we get our fingerprints and prevents skin tearing
Papilla=any small fleshy projection
Layers of skin
Dermis
(inner layer) the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis which forms the true skin, containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and other structures
Hypodermis
is an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle
Epidermis
(outer layer) the surface epithelium of the skin, overlying the dermis
Body membranes
cutaneous membrane
The primary organ of the intergumentary system (covers the body surface
mocus membrane
Made of Ephithelial cells which secretes mucus, and lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages
serous membrane
Membrane that lines body cavities and covers organ surfaces
synovial membrane
Synovial fluid (lubrication and reduce friction)
Connective tissue(soft areolar, no epithelial tissue)
Burns
2nd degree burn
1st degree burn
Skin is red and swollen (epidermis burns)
Burn in gray white, cherry red or black (burns entire skin layer)
3rd degree burn
Skin is red with blisters (epidermis burns and upper dermis)
Layers of epidermis
Stratum Spinosum (prickly cell layers) Several cell layers thick of flattened cells with bundles of keratin
Stratum Basal sits on basement membrane, cells constantly dividing (mitosis)
Stratum Granulosum- Very thin region layers, last layer that can obtain nutrients from diffusion, The process of Keratinization begins here and cells die
stratum Lucidum( Clear layer) - Translucent layer that looks like a band; visible only in thick skin
Stratum Corneum (Outmost Layer)- Protection against abrasion and penetration water repellant (prevents water loss)
Accessory organ
Glands
Eccrine Sweat glands- Found almost anywhere, abundant on palms, soles and forehead
Apocrine Glands- Found in axillary and genital areas, found deeper in dermis and larger than eccrine glands
Sudoriferous Glands- Distributed over the entire skin except nipples, lips and Cu some genitalia
Sebaceous (oil) glands- Found all over the body except on palms and soles of feet, secrete an oily substance called sebum
Cu :taneous Glands- Are Exocrine (Secrete product onto surface of skin)
Mammary glands- specialized sweat glands, secretes milk
Accessory organ
Hair
Arrector pili
muscles are small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals.
Alopecia
Thinning of hair or balness
Hair matrix
Actively dividing area of the hair bulb that produces hair
Hirsutism
Excessie hairness
Hair papilla
Dermal connective tissue protrudes into hair bulb
Hair follicle
Wall around the hair, deep end of the follicle forms a hair bulb
Cuticle
Outside of cortex, single layer of cells that overlap each other
Medulla
central core
Cortex
surrounds medulla
Shaft
part that is above the skin
Bulb
Swealling at the base where hair originates
Root
Embedded part in the skin
Hair structure
Made by cells in the follicle made of focused keratinized cells
Hair pigment
Made by melanocytes at the base of the follcle
Skin cancer
Benign
is not a malignant tumor, which is cancer it does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body the way cancer can
Malignant
cancer cells that can invade and kill nearby tissue and spread to other parts of your body
squamous cell Carcinoma
is the second most common form of skin cancer. It's usually found on areas of the body damaged by UV rays from the sun or tanning beds
Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body
Malignant melanoma
is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes
Basal cell Carcinoma
begins in the basal cells, a type of cell within the skin that produces new skin cells as old ones die off
Infections
psoriasis
is an immune-mediated disease that causes raised, red, scaly patches to appear on the skin
athletes foot
If the infection is mild scaly white patches of skin or fissures, but no redness or itching, pay special attention to foot hygiene
Contact dermatitis
is a red, itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substance or an allergic reaction to it
impetigo
Pink, water filled, raised lesion that develop yellow crust and eventually rupture