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CHAPTER 3 INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT BANKING (International Investment…

- - - - 1) Underwriting New Issues
        :fountain_pen: The activity of providing long-term equity and debt finance for corporations and governments, issuance of new securities.
        :fountain_pen: A company raise capital/fund by selling common stock to the public for the first time is known as initial public offering ( IPO )
        :fountain_pen: Includes both basic securities like equity and bond issues and hybrids such as preferred stock and convertible bonds.
        :fountain_pen: the investment bank provides many other services related to the underwriting activities such as advising, documentation, actual writing, private placement and offshore activities.
      - 2) Trading Securities and Risk Arbitrage
        :no_entry: An investment bank serves as a securities broker and dealer in the secondary market.
        :no_entry: As a broker, makes arrangements to help buyers and sellers for customer complete a business transaction and it receives commission/fees for their service.
        :no_entry: They also manages mutual funds specifically focusing on a state/country/geographical region.
      - 3) New Product Development
        :checkered_flag: Trend in investment banking - more on creativity and innovation or creation of new products 'hybrid' can generate profitable opportunities for the particular banks.
        :checkered_flag: In Islamic banking whether commercial or investment banks, many hybrid products have been introduced in order to meet the meet the needs and wants of the Muslim and non-Muslim clients from all over the world.
        :checkered_flag: The creativity and innovation activities are created in order to stabilize the financial market imperfections, including taxes, transaction costs, regulations, and ignorance of market participants.
      - 4) Providing Advice
        :!!: The particular service is offered from corporate restructuring exercise, rearrange a company's gearing/operations.
        :!!: It also offers independent evaluation on corporate transactions - valuation of companies/businesses/assets.
      - 5) Others
        :!?: Financial Research
        :!?: Bridge Financing
        :!?: Currency Exchange