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Acute Asthma Exacerbation (Pathophysiology ((Narrowing of bronchial tubes,…
Acute Asthma Exacerbation
Pathophysiology
Narrowing of bronchial tubes
Inflamed airways
Muscle contractions
Overly sensitized immune system, worsening with continued exposure
Epidemiology
Hazards of irritants, environmental exposures
Affects all ages
Most prevalent in childhood
Most often due to viral respiratory illness
Clinical Presentation
Chest tightness
Cough
Wheezing
Whistling on expiration
Unresponsive to rescue inhaler
Diagnosis
Physical exam
Arterial blood gas
Sputum test
Pulmonary function testing
Imaging
Treatment
Oxygen
Oral corticosteroids
Quick-relief medications