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"A Qualitative Theory for Crime Science Analysis" - Ross M.…
"A Qualitative Theory for Crime Science Analysis" - Ross M. Gardner
Crime Scene reconstruction (CSR)/Crime Scene Analysis (CSA)
Tries to piece together what happened, criminally, in an investigation
Subjective Information
Testimonial Evidence
Theories of what happened
Objective analysis
Identifying what happened
Looking at the evidence
Looking at the context that you found the evidence
Causal vs temporal relationships
Methodologies: how the analyst empirically behaves
theories
Procedures
Edward Oscar Heinrich : "The Wizard of Berkeley": relationships between facts and cause and effect.
The evidence and the context they were found in
An action can lead to another action
Make correlations
Various areas of science used and logical arguments
Connections are being made
"Unique and rare phenomenon"
Failure analysis: NASA, FAA, and NTSB
Not just crime scenes
Multi-Linear Events Sequencing (MES)- Ludwig Benner in the 70s.
"Actor+action = event"
"Event Block" /"Event Segment" aka: actions
Steps/Axioms
11:Causal connections are unique
Analysts need to recognize objects and actions to create linkages
10: Every object is a result of an action
9: Two objects must come in-contact when there is an interaction
8: Newton's first Law of Motion
7: Cause then effect
6: An action requires a cause
4: Increase in time and history
5: uniqueness of actions
3: Space-time path and world-line history
2: Minkowski: Relativity to space and recognition. An objects history
1: Know what is an object and what makes it unique
12:Temporal relationships are also unique
Purpose
Fallibility
"Nothing just happens"
An action will have a causal and temporal relationship that is different each time to another action that goes along with it
Theory needs to follow 12 axioms to be considered correct
If one axiom is not correct then the entire theory is not correct
Objects are objects
The action changes something from its original manner
There will always be associated actions to the phenomenon that is being investigated
Analysts need to recognize and analyze the scene to make accurate connections/relationships
No analyst will know every action, object, and relationship