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- - - - Filipinos were regarded as savages specifically through the St. Louis World's Fair of 1904. The exposition acted as a way for the United States to show off its colonial winnings from the Treat of Paris. This is an artifact of popular culture because it was widely spread throughout American culture which helped shift understandings of Filipino immigrants working in agricultural and labor-intensive jobs.
    - - Filipinos were forced to live their traditional lives in a land different from their ancestors. By framing Filipinos in certain frames, the United States was able to justify and normalize its colonial conquest of the Philippines. The United States plundered the natural resource of the country, specifically exploiting the abundance of gold in the Ilocos mountains where the Igorots reside.Indigenous Filipino women were especially hyper-sexualized and objectified by colonial powers as comfort women during occupation of the islands.
    - - Imperialist efforts by the United States were normalized and conceptualized through events such as the St. Louis World's Fair where indigenous groups were displayed. This brochure shows the ways in which white men and political power have dictated the framing of indigenous people from U.S. colonies.
    - - I believe that the author of this brochure intentionally chose to depict this indigenous Filipino person with a bow to show the ways in which Filipinos have been technologically disadvantaged, specifically in regards to military weaponry,
    - - Indigenous customs and traditions of indigenous Igorots were openly gawked at by those that paid to enter the event. Displaying indigenous tribes in exhibits gave the impression to visitors that these people were primitive and uncivilized for having customs outside of a Western history.
- - - - This contemporary example shows the ways in which people in the United States have understood Filipino people under the framing of savagery. The women in the video has a racist perception of Filipino people, which was a result of some sort of social conditioning. I argue that this social conditioning is deeply rooted within the ways historical popular culture items have introduced such ideologies.
    - - Anti-immigrant sentiment specifically towards Filipinos residing in the United States is widely documented. I have personally experienced this sentiment through micro and macroaggressions in various spaces. Often, when I tell people about wanting to go back to the Philippines I am told that there is no life for myself over there. People do not believe that the convictions that I have for the Philippines will benefit a fruitful life for myself, which goes to show how popular has conditioned the Philippines under a racialized lens.