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**Achallasia (Nursing interventions (• features of bleeding, • …
**Achallasia
Nursing interventions
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• record output, for example emesis and stools
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Clinical manifestations
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• Inability to belch, regurgitation of undigested food
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Definition
• Achalasia is a chronic progressive condition in which the tone in the lower two thirds of the oesophageal musculature is increased, resulting in the sphincter failing to relax.
Pathophysiology
In achalasia, there is increased tone of the lower oesophageal sphincter, due to the defective innervation by the Auerbach's plexus with the resultant failure of normal peristalsis in the lower two thirds of the oesophagus. The result is poor tone and peristalsis, distention of the lower part of the oesophagus, and delayed emptying of the oesophagus into the stomach.