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Total War and Canada (Battles (Passchendaele (Passchendaele is located in…
Total War and Canada
Battles
Passchendaele
Passchendaele is located in Northwester Belgium near Ypres and was fought by first Britain and then Canada. Despite a lot of struggle due to bad conditions, Canadians were ultimately victorious after the deaths of 8000 soldiers for an area of 'little significance'.
Canada's 100 Days
Fought in various areas of Northwester France, it was a final offensive by all the Allied forces that lasted a hundred days. Its purpose was to finally crush Germany and put an end to the long-lasted war. While gaining more land, prisoners, and equipment than the entire US Army, Canada along with the other allies finally defeated Germany. The German army destroyed everything in their path as they retreated.
The Somme
Located along the Somme river, a battle initiated by the Allies to create a diversion for the French to attack. During this war, Canadian soldiers acted as 'shock troops'. Although it was considered a state-mate, 85% of the Newfoundland Regiment was killed in 1/2 hour.
Second Ypres
A battle that took place in Northwestern Belgium during 1915 and was an attack by Germany to 'smash through allied lines'. Releasing extreme amounts of chlorine gas, Canadian troops were forced to cover their faces with urine-filled 'hankies'. The Germans were ultimately successful here.
Vimy Ridge
Vimy Ridge was of course, a ridge located in Northwestern France. It was fought using all 4 Canadian divisions and was a decisive victory by Canada using strategic methods. It was after this war that the soldiers truly felt Canadian.
War in the Air
Because Canada had no Air Force during WW1, 2,000 Canadian soldiers served in the British Air Forced (RAF). It was in this war that planes were turned from renaissance-use to offensive use. Billy Bishop, a Canadian, had the most dogfights and kills to his name.
War at Sea
Germans were especially successful in this aspect of the war because they used U-boats to sink allied ships which were very effective. They were countered using heavily guarded convoys. 8000 Canadians served in the navy at the time.
War at the Homefront
Rationing
People back home were told to save on food by refraining from eating meats and cutting down on overall consumption of other foods. They were also known to grow food for themselves or even give it away to send abroad.
Women/Children
Children would collect stamps for and put up posters to motivate themselves and ultimately raise their own morale.
As a result of this war, women were finally able to vote. They were also able to do jobs normally considered "men's work" and showed themselves and men that they are capable of doing more than just household work. Women had a major contribution towards the war effort and supported men fighting abroad in countless ways.
Halifax Explosion
A collision between two ships, one of which was filled with explosives, resulting in the deaths of over 2,000 people. At first, the Germans were thought to be responsible and as a result, were rounded up and imprisoned until it was proven that the perpetrators were not actually German.
Views
Aliens
Most of the people who migrated to Canada were from Western Europe, mainly Britain and France. Those who had migrated from the East, while significantly less, were subject to poor treatment and were labelled "aliens". They were wrongly held accountable for the actions of their leaders back home and had to live through unjustifiable criticism.
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Position on Conscription
Canadians were very divided over whether conscription was ethical or necessary. Some said it was unnecessary because of circumstances surrounding the war while others thought it was not right to force people to go abroad to fight without their consent. It may also have been because they were promised at the start of the war that conscription laws would not be established but the government's promise was ultimately broken.
Goverment
Conscription
A law promised not to be imposed by the then PM, Robert Borden. In the end, it was implemented and resulted in great division among French Canadians and British as well as between war mongers and pacifists.
Propoganda
A tool used by experts to divert/increase the views of vulnerable Canadians. It was done using many strategies such as making the audience feel guilty, proud, or scared. It was mostly shown using stamps and posters.
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