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Integumentary System Ana Cendejas Period:7 (Nail (Nail Plate:…
Integumentary System
Ana Cendejas Period:7
Nail
Nail Plate: Hard part of the nail
Free edge: Over hangs the tip of the nail
Nail Body: Visible attached part of the nail
Nail Root: Proximally under the over hanging skin
Nail Bed: Skin under the nail plate
Nail matrix: Growth zone
Lunule: White crescent approximal end of nail
Eponychium (cuticle): Dead skin that are over the lunule
Body Membranes
Cutaneous Membrane: Covers the body surface/ Epithelial tissue
Serous Membrane: Lines body cavities and covers organ surfaces/ Epithelial tissue
Mucus Membrane: Lines body surface that open to exterior/ Epithelial tissue
Synovial Membrane: Lines bursae (sacs around joints)/ Connective tissue
Layers of the Skin
Epidermis (outer layer: Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial , A vascular (without blood vessels).
Dermis (inner layer): Dense fibrous Connective tissue collagen and Elastic fibers. Contains blood vessels, and nerve fibers
Hypo dermis (underlying layer):Anchors skin to the underlying structures. It is a shock absorb-er and insulator to reduce heat loss.
Epidermis Layers
Stratum Basale: Deepest layer
Stratum Spinosum: Cells in this layer form chromosomes fusing the cells together in a tight mass giving the layer its "spikey" appearance.
Stratum Granulosum: Process of Keratinization begins here and cells die.
Stratum Lucidum: 2-3 clear, flat, and dead cells.
Stratum Corneum: Outer most layer. 20 to 30 cells thick dead cells.
Skin Cancers
Basal Cell Carcinoma: Most common cancer. Occurs because of sun exposed area face. It appears shiny dome
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Second most common skin cancer. It affects men more than women.
Malignant Melanoma: Most deadly skin cancer. It is hard to cure.
Dermis Layers
Papillary Layer: A thin superficial layer. It contains capillaries, nerve endings, and light touch receptors called Meissners corpuscles. It is also responsible for the pattern on our fingerprints.
Reticular Layer: Deepest layer bottom 2/3 of dermis. Many appendages are located here like sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, and nerve receptors.
Glands
Cutaneous Gland: Are exocrine secrete product onto the surface.
Sudoriferous Gland: It is distributed on the entire skin except lips, nipples, and zone genitalia.
Eccrine Sweat Gland: It is found almost everywhere and most numerous. It secretes sweat (perspiration).
Apocrine Glands: Found in and genital areas. It ducts empty into hair follicle.
Modified Sudoriferous Glands: Found in lining of external ear canal.
Mammary Glands: Specialized sweat glands. It secretes milk.
Sebaceous Glands: Found all over the body except palms and soles of feet. Secretes an oily substance called sebum. It also softens and lubricates hair and skin.
Infections
Cold Sores : A small fluid filled blistered that itch and sting caused by a herpes simplex infection.
Impetigo: Pink and water filled, raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture caused by Staphylococcus bacteria infection.
Psoriasis: Chronic condition characterized by reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales.
Athlete's foot: An itchy, red , peeling condition of the skin between toes.
Burns
First degree burn: It happens in the epidermis. Skin is red and swollen.
Second degree burn: It happens in the epidermis and upper dermis. Skin is red with blisters.
Third degree burn: It happens to the entire skin layer. There is high risk for fluid loss. Burn is gray-white, cherry red or black.
Hair
Bulb: Swelling at the base where hair originates.
Root: Embedded part in the skin.
Shaft: Part is above skin.
Integumentary System Function
: Regulation of the body temperature, Reduces water loss, Excretes waste, Sensation: Touch, vibration, and pain