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DO ARTIFACTS HAVE POLITICS?(group four) (THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES (Naive…
DO ARTIFACTS HAVE POLITICS?(group four)
CONTEXT
Authoritarian
centralized hierarchical control
powerful, but unstable
Democratic
dispersed individual control (self-management)
weak, but durable
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Naive technological determinism
"technology develops as the sole result of an internal dynamic and then, unmediated by any other influence, molds society to fit its pattern"
Social determination of technology
"what matters is not technology itself, but the social or economic system in which it is embedded"
Theory of technological politics
"(technologies) can embody specific forms of power and authority"
CLASSIFICATIONS
Designs with political effects in a particular context
Designs with intended political impact
NY overpasses
Designs without "conscious conspiracies or malicious intentions"
Tomato harvester
Design process with political bias
Inherently political technologies
Technologies that require a particular social order to function
Nuclear technology
Ships
Technologies that are compatible with, but do not necessarily require a particular form of social order
Solar technology
DISCUSSION
Some technologies require a hierarchy in order to function
factories, automation, etc
Some technologies don't require a hierarchy in order to function
this discussion echoes the contrast between authoritarian and democratic technologies (this side being democratic)
DEFINITIONS
Politics
"arrangements of power and authority in human associations as well as the activities that take place within those arrangements"
Technologies
"ways of building order in our world"
"small or large pieces or systems of hardware of a specific kind"
"modern practical artifice"
CONCLUSION
All technologies have some scope of political involvement