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Biology (Genome (Gene-A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of…
Biology
Genome
Gene-A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. ...
Chromosones-A structure in all living cells that consists of a single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries the genes determining heredity
Protein-complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs
x chromosone- The X chromosome is one of the two sex-determining chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals, and is found in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and X0 sex-determination system
y chromosone-a sex chromosome that is characteristic of male cells in species in which the male typically has two unlike sex chromosomes — compare x chromosome.
dominant---Dominance, in genetics, is the phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.
punnent squares-A square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
resecive-relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent.
sexual reprouduction the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete which travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female).
asexula reproudction/Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.
mutations.. A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene.
good mutations-
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bad mutations---Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer. A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a mutation in one or a few genes. A human example is cystic fibrosis. A mutation in a single gene causes the body to produce thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs and blocks ducts in digestive organs
phenotype-the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
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alleils-An allele is a variant form of a given gene, meaning it is one of two or more versions of a known mutation at the same place on a chromosome. It can also refer to different sequence variations for a several-hundred base-pair or more region of the genome that codes for a protein
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proteins-Proteins are polymers of amino acids. ... Proteins have a variety of function in cells. Major functions include acting as enzymes, receptors, transport molecules, regulatory proteins for gene expression
traits-trait or character is a feature of an organism. The term phenotype is sometimes used as a synonym for trait in common use, but strictly speaking, does not indicate the trait, but the state of that trait (e.g., the trait eye color has the phenotypes blue, brown and hazel).
homozygous recessive, if it carries two copies of the same recessive allele. Heterozygous means that an organism has two different alleles of a gene.
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