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Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Disorders (Etiology: the cause of a disease or…
Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Disorders
Organization in DMS-5
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders
Trauma and Stress Related Disorders
Prevalence
More common in women than in men; 25% of the population is estimated to develop an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives
Characteristics
Panic: triggered in the absence of a provoking event; panic attacks can occur spontaneously
Fear: occurs in response to a current threat; elicits fight or flight response
Anxiety: negative emotions, individual feels threatened by occurrence of uncontrollable negative event
Historical Perspective
Described as "neuroses" in the 19th and 20th centuries; Freud was the first to focus on anxiety; Watson began in the 20s considering fears and phobias
Etiology
: the cause of a disease or condition
Psychological Factors
Behaviour and Cognitive Factors
Interpersonal Factors
Biological Factors
Genetics; Neurotransmitters and Neuroanatomy
Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Trauma Related Disorders
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Agoraphobia
Specific Phobia
Panic Disorder
Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Disorder
Treatment: very few individuals seek professional help
Other Techniques
Relaxation Training: meditation, positive imagery
Exposure and Response Prevention Techniques: flooding - direct exposure to feared stimuli
Problem Solving
Pharmacotherapy: medication
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: treatment of choice for anxiety disorders