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Transport Processes (Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport (Diffusion…
Transport Processes
Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport
Diffusion
moves from high to low concentration
Osmosis
diffusion through a membrane
Active Transport
molecular pumps
Completely impermeable
do not allow any thing through(isolation barriers)
Differentially/selectively permeable
allow certain substances to pass through
Freely permeable
allow solutes to pass through
Intracellular Transport
vesicles migrate through cytoplasm and fuse with other organelles
Water Potential
Water potential
#
free energy of water and chemical potential
Pressure potential
the effect pressure has on water
Megapascals
units for potential
Osmotic potential
effect solutes have on water potential
Matric potential
waters adhesion to nondissolved structures
Short-Distance Intercellular Transport
Guard Cells
#
water enters and leaves at the same time
Apoplast
wall and intrercellular spaces together
Motor Cells
can accumulate or expel potassium
Symplast
all protoplasm of 1 plant considered continuous mass
Transfer Cells
large surface area holds lots of molecular pumps
Long Distance Transport: Phloem
Mass transfer
Specific mass center
Sources
#
Actively transported
Polymer trap mechanism
Sinks
P-protein
P-protein plug
Callose
Long Distance Transport: Xylem
Properties of Water
cohesive
adhesive
heavy
adheres firmly to soil particles
Water transport through xylem
cohesion-tension hypothesis
transstomatal transpiration
Transcuticular transpiration
embolism
cavitation
Control of Water Transport by Guard Cells
powered primarily by water loss to atmosphere
light, CO2 normal controlling factors
The Water Available in Air
Incipient plasmolysis
point where protoplast lost enough water to pull slightly away from the wall
Plasmolyzed
protoplast pulls completely away from wall and shrinks
