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Astronomy (Famous Astronomers (Ptolemy (He was an Egyptian astronomer and…
Astronomy
Famous Astronomers
Ptolemy
He was an Egyptian astronomer and mathematician born around 100 AD. He believed that the Earth was the center of the universe.
Even starting with this incorrect theory he was able to combine what he saw of the starś movements with mathematics, especially geometry to predict movements of the planets. His famous work work was called the almagest.
Copernicus
A thousand years later he came up with a radical way of looking at the universe.
( Heliocentric System ) - Put the sun ( Helio ) at the center of our system. Not the first to have this theory but was the one to bring it to the world of the Renaissance and used his own observations of the movements of the planets to back up his idea. His ideas including the revelation that the Earth rotates on its axis, were too different for most of the scholars of his time to accept. Those who studied his work did it in secret , They were called “Copernicus ̈ Believed that orbits were circles and ellipses.
Galileo
Born in Pisa, Italy 100 years after copernicus, he became a brilliant student with an amazing genius for invention and observation. Had his own ideas how motions real worked as contrast to what Aristotle had taught. And devised a telescope that could enlarge objects up to 20 times. Was able to use his telescope to prove the truth about the Copernican system of Heliocentrism.
Socrates
“ Man must rise above the Earth - to the top of the atmosphere and beyond - for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives”
Aristotle
He is sometimes called the grandfather of science.
He studied under the great Philosopher Plato in Greece and later started his own school, the Lyceum at Athens.
Believed in a geocentric universe and that the planets and stars were perfect spheres though Earth itself was not.
Although he was wrong he was highly respected.
Hypatia
Natural philosopher in Alexandria , Egypt wrote books on Astronomy Geometry and Philosphy
Developed ideas on conic sections , leading to ideas of hyperbolas, parabolas , and ellipses
Hypatia came to symbolize learning and science which early Christians identified with paganism.
Einstein
General Theory of Relativity = "Shape" of space is influenced by matter and energy in it and space is curved.
Special Theory of Relativity = deals with how light behaves in curved space and establishes that speed of light is an constant (300,000 km / second)
Carl Sagan
We are all " Star" Stuff" , Well known for putting scientific concepts into everyday language for the public
Steven Hawking
Theoretical Physicist , worked on the basic laws which govern the universe, showed that Einstein's General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, Cambridge University, a position once held by Issac Newton.
Pythagoras
Greek Philosopher , believed that circles and spheres were perfect heavenly forms : thus the Earth must be a sphere since the " earth was obviously at the center of the universe", Perfect "10"
Planetary Revolutions
The time it takes an object to move around another object once.
This will not be an exact number , the time it takes the Earth to revolve around the sun once is called a year.
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The Earth actually takes 365 days , 5 hours , 48 mins , and 45 secs to orbit the sun
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Planetary Years
The closer a planet is to the sun the faster it revolves. That makes mercury the fastest revolving planet and Neptune the slowest.
Planetary Rotation
The Earth rotates around once in 24 hrs , The time it takes for Earth to rotate once is called a day, and gives us night and day.
The combined effect of the Earth's tilt and its orbital motion results in the Seasons.
Differences in orbits
Some objects in space have long , flattened ,
elliptical orbits like comets.