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Belongs to the integumentary system
Largest organ in body
Vital in maintaining homeostasis
Protection
Vitamin D production
Temperature Regulation
Water Retention
Sensation
Nonverbal Communication
Epidermis
Outer layer of the skin
Composed of stratified squamous epithelium
The epidermis contains melanocytes which produce the pigment melanin (responsible for skin color)
Manufactures vitamin D in response to sunlight, the vitamin D is absorbed by the blood vessels in the dermis, used by the body for the development of bones and teeth
Protects against: abrasions, heat, foreign organisms, chemicals, ultraviolet light
Reproducing constantly by mitosis
Composed of keratinocytes (dead, flattened cells that contain the protein keratin
Binds the epidermis to the underlying tissue
Is composed of dense connective tissue which contains both collagen & elastic fibers
Contains many blood vessels
Contains nerve fibers & sensory receptors
Nourish the epidermis
Regulate body temperature
When the body temp rises: the blood vessels dilate and permit heat loss
When the body temp drops: blood vessels constrict and prevent heat loss
Are elevations of the surface of the dermis
Help to anchor the epidermis to the dermis
Form fingerprints
Located below the skin
NOT a part of the skin
Composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue
Storage area for adipose tissue
Hair follicles
Sebaceous Glands
Nails
Sweat Glands
Sensory receptors
Hair develops from epidermal cells at the base of a hair follicle
The hair shaft projects above the surface of the skin & consists of keratinized cells
An arrector pili muscle attaches to each hair follicle & is responsible for “goose bumps”
Are found in the dermis
Lubricate the skin & hair
Produce an oily secretion called sebum
Secrete sebum into hair follicles
2 types of sweat glands: merocrine glands, apocrine glands
Merocrine Sweat Glands
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Are modifications of the epidermis
Function to protect the underlying tissue
Are composed of cells that contain extra hard keratin