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70 y.o. woman admitted to ED for observation due to developed viral…
70 y.o. woman admitted to ED for observation due to developed viral infections in the lungs.
Moving to Colorado with elevations greater than 8000 ft
Presenting to the ED with fast shallow breathing, wet/wheezing cough
Creating fluid in the lungs "pneumonia"
pulmonary edema occurs when the alveoli fills w/ excess fluid seeping out of blood vessel in the lungs instead of air
can cause gas exchange problems resulting in difficulty breathing and poor oxygenation of blood
Body making respiratory adjustments by acclimatization : individual organisms adjusting to change in its environment
Respiratory system is used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body
Air enters through the nasal/oral cavity, down the pharynx into the larynx and through the esophagus
From the trachea it divides into two primary bronchus, then into the R/L bronchus, into bronchioles, then to alveolar ducts into sacs, and ending with alveolus
exchange happens at alveolus
Partial pressure is used to describe a mixture of gases
Graham's law provides means for calculating exchange rates of gasses across membranes.
Fick's law says net diffusion rate of gas across fluid membrane is proportional to the difference in portal pressure
when blood is exposed to fresh air in the lungs, it balances completely so the PP of O2 in the air spaces in the lungs is equal to the PP of O2 in the blood
the fall in atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes decreases the PP of inspired O2 in the lungs, making the kidneys produce more erythropoietin
O2 diffuses across the respiratory membrane from alveoli into the blood
CO2 diffuses across respiratory membrane from blood to alveoli
Diffusion: movement of gases w/o use of energy from body, between the gas in alveoli & blood in the capillaries in the lungs
can affect improper blood flow through circulatory system.
causing blood to not be oxygenated and transporting O2 throughout the body
inflammation can be caused by airborne irritants, s/s include dry cough and difficulty breathing
could lead to pneumonitis; inflammation of the lung tissue
lungs become inflammed making it difficult for O2 to pass through alveoli