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Chapter 9 Lecture 1 Micro (Disinfection (chemical agents we know as…
Chapter 9 Lecture 1 Micro
Sterilization
removal/destruction of all microbes including viruses and bacterial endospores
doesn't apply to prions
some innocuous microns could still be present
Aseptic
free of contamination by pathogens
surgical and lab tech use aseptic techniques
biopsies
surgical procedures
dressing surgical wounds or burns
suturing wounds
urinary catheter
administering injections
vaginal exams
delivering babies
Disinfection
chemical agents we know as disinfectants
UV light
alcohol
bleach
Degerming
removal of microbes from a surface by scrubbing
wash your hands
nurse preparing an area of skin for injection
scrubbing is more important than the chemical
Sanitization
disinfecting public utensils to reduce pathogenic microbes
steaming the grill
Pasteurization
use of heat to kill pathogens
reduce spoilage microorganisms in food
milk, fruit juice
Microbial Death Rates
permanent loss of reproductive ability
1 way to determine efficacy of microbial agent is to calculate microbial death rate
Alteration of Cell Walls and Membranes
counteracting effects of osmosis
cell wall disrupted by chemical agent
Action of Antimicrobial Agents
2 basic categories
disrupt integrity of cells by altering cell walls
interrupt cellular metabolism and reproduction by interacting with structures of proteins
Damage to Proteins and Nucleic Acids
proteins
regulate cellular metabolism
can function as enzymes in most metabolic reactions
proteins function depends on its exact 3D shape
heat breaks protein bonds