Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
History Unit 00: From the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Period (0.2…
History Unit 00: From the Middle Ages to the Early Modern Period
0.2
Changes:
Key characteristics of a new era
Social changes:
Cities grew and wealthy middle class became more important, but didn´t outnumber peasants nor gained as power as the high class
Religious changes:
It was a period of religious intolerance: Jews and Muslims were persecuted + Wars between Christians (New sets of believes: Protestants: -Lutherans
-Anglicans
-...
Cultural changes:
-New artistic styles: Renaissance art.
-New cultural movements: Humanism.
Political changes:
Although privileges and intitutions such as the courts disappeared, monarchies gained a lot of power.
Economic changes:
-Craftwork and trade: Period of important growth.
-Crop and livestock farming: Continued to be the main economic activities.
0.2
Continuity
:Kings and kingdoms
Social structure was reflected in the political order of time. Power fragmented leading to disputes between monarchs, privileged estates and the city, leading into social instability.
This also led to the appearance of institutions such as the courts and parliaments.
0.1
Continuity
: Feudal economics and society
The three estates
The clergy:
Spiritual function: to protect people's souls. They collected taxes such as tithe payment and had ther own justice system.
The Third Estate:
Mostly peasants, although there were also lawyers, doctors, artisans merchants... Were judged by the lord or by the king.
Noblemen:
They didn't work. Only judged by the king or by other noblemen. Only paid taxes if agreed so.
Collective privileges: Cities
Privileges were exercised by the city council, and were similar to privileges of a lord, for example: taxes, monopolies, justice. They were restricted to th people in power, although, theorically, they could be extended to every citizen.
0.4 Factors leading to geographical discoveries
Political and religious factors:
There was a significant rivarly between Islamic and Christian states. Islam was strengthened by the Ottomans.
Sociological factors:
These factors were associated with the Renaissance and the desire to learn and explore.
Demographic factors:
After the population crisis of the Late Middle Ages, the population grew and there was higher demand for precious metals.
Scientific and technical factors:
Scientific and technological advances in navigation, such as new types of boats(Carracks)
Economic factors:
Gold and silver were needed to make coins, and Europe was highly dependent on products such as spices and silk imported from Asia.
