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1.7 Factors that affect climate: Wind and Oceans (Wind (Prevailing Winds,…
1.7 Factors that affect climate: Wind and Oceans
Mountains
windward
: Wet side
leeward
: most of the air has dried. not much rain
Wind
Coriolis Effect
Wind Curves east-west
Movement of air parallel to the Earth's surface
Hot air rises
cold air drops
Cold air = less dense
Hot air= more dense
Convection Cells
Hadley
Ferrel
Polar
Prevailing Winds
One direction most of the time
affected by global wind currents
Polar Winds
(come from the poles)
Equatorial Wind
(comes from the Equator)
Some prevailing winds(due to temperature difference between hemispheres) are
seasonal winds
Monsoons
: winds that bring heavy rains
Local Winds
Affected by local geographical features and weather
Ocean Currents
Bring cold water from the poles
Brings warm water from the equator
El Nino
Pacific Jet Stream
: Pushed foward, western states get storms
every 2-7 years
Atlantic Winds
: Pushed away, southeastern states suffer droughts
La Nina
Atlantic Winds
: pushed foward, more storms in southeastern states
Pacific Jet Stream
: pushed North, droughts in wester states
Less often
How Things Heat up:
Sun heats ground or ocean by
radiation
Ground warms up air by
conduction
Hot air rises and cold air circualate via
convection
Both events last 9-12 months