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Diabetes (PANCREAS (ISLET OF LANGERHANS (ALPHA-Glucagon: helps increase…
Diabetes
PANCREAS
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Exocrine function: breakdown of complex nutrients by lipase (lipids) & amylase (sugars) into simple molecules to be absorbed
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pancreatitis- amylase & lipase will be very high, so patients will be NPO until they are normal to rest GI tract (will be on IV fluids & pain meds)
ISLET OF LANGERHANS
ALPHA-Glucagon: helps increase glucose levels, excreted to encourage release of stored glycogen & breakdown glucose; moves glucose out of the cells
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DELTA-Somastatin: STOP mechanism. tells insulin & glucagon when to stop; small intestine may secrete
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Fasting Glucose (after 8 hours); 101-125 impaired fasting glucose/prediabetes ABOVE 126 considered diabetic and will have a follow up
Diagnostics: any patient over 45 with BMI over 25 will be screen annually; any patient over 25 with BMI and associated risk factors will be screen annually; pregnant women get screen for gestational diabetes between 20-28 weeks (average 24 weeks)
leading cause of blindness, end stage renal failure & foot/leg amputations
Chronic not terminal; Patients don't die from high glucose, they die from long term complications
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