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Soils and Mineral Nutrition (Nitrogen Metabolism 37_09PlantBactNitrogen,…
Soils and Mineral Nutrition
3 Criteria for element to considered essential
it is necessary for the completion of a full life cycle
it cannot be replaced by a chemically similar element
it must act inside the plant
Mineral Deficiency Diseases
symptom of deficiency diseases
leaves lack chlorophyll look yellowish and are brittle
deficiency of nitrogen cause dark color or purple hue - necrosis
usually all plant show same common symptom- chlorosis
mobile and immobile elements
Boron, Calcium and ions are immobile elements
Chlorine, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus & sulfur are mobile elements
diagnosis of symptom
deficiency of immobile elements produce symptoms in young leaves and buds
deficiency of mobile elements results in symptoms in older parts
causes of Deficiency diseases
overabundance of minerals in the soil
mineral toxicity
low mineral concentration
natural disaster like flood sweep away essential minerals
soil acidity
extremely acid soil tends to lose cations rapidly & become poor soil
highly alkaline soil are frequent in dry climate; have too few protons to allow cation release & concentration of soil mineralsbecome high
free proton in soils are important foe cation exchange
Essential Element
Components Essential to Most Plant
Magnesium
Sulfur
Phosphorous
Micronutrients
Calcium
Iron
Potassium
Chlorine
Nitrogen
Copper
Hydrogen
Mangnese
Oxygen
Zinc
Carbon
Molybdenum
Boron
The Endodermis and Selective Absorption of Substance
elements in soil either essential or not
can enter into plasma either by crossing plasma membrane or entering the symplastic protoplasm phase or by diffusing
Mycorrhizae & Absorption of phosphorus
Nitrogen Metabolism
Nitrogen Reduction
Nitrogen Assimilation
Obtaining Nitrogen from Animals
Nitrogen Fixation
Other aspects of Prokaryotes and Nitrogen
Fertilizers
Pollution
Limiting Factors - an important concept to reduce damage caused by pollution
